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Quizzes > Health & Medicine > Human Anatomy & Medicine

Take Our Free MLT Clinical Chemistry Quiz

Try our free online MLT chemistry quiz and master clinical chemistry concepts

Editorial: Review CompletedCreated By: Maria Luisa Miras CidadUpdated Aug 23, 2025
Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art illustration showing test tubes vials proteins calcium enzymes on teal background for MLT clinical chemistry quiz

Use this free MLT practice test to sharpen your clinical chemistry skills in serum proteins, calcium balance, and enzyme assays. Work through realistic questions, check your results, and spot gaps before the exam; when you finish, review extra practice to keep learning.

Which dye-binding method is most commonly used to measure serum albumin in routine MLT laboratories?
Bromocresol Green (BCG)
Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250
Ponceau S
Amido Black 10B
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Which acute-phase reactant increases most prominently in inflammation?
Transferrin
Albumin
C-reactive protein
Prealbumin (transthyretin)
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The primary physiological regulator that increases serum calcium by stimulating bone resorption and renal reabsorption is
Aldosterone
Erythropoietin
Calcitonin
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
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Which condition most commonly causes a monoclonal spike (M-protein) on serum protein electrophoresis?
Acute viral infection
Multiple myeloma
Cirrhosis
Nephrotic syndrome
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Which factor directly increases intestinal absorption of calcium?
Calcitonin
Cortisol
Antidiuretic hormone
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (calcitriol)
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Which enzyme is most specific for hepatocellular injury?
Amylase (AMY)
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
Creatine kinase (CK)
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Which fraction decreases markedly in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency on serum protein electrophoresis?
Beta globulin
Alpha-2 globulin
Alpha-1 globulin
Gamma globulin
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In serum protein electrophoresis, which pattern is most consistent with nephrotic syndrome?
Broad gamma region increase (polyclonal)
Monoclonal spike in gamma region
Beta-gamma bridging
Marked alpha-2 globulin increase with decreased albumin
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In serum protein electrophoresis, beta-gamma bridging is classically associated with
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
Acute pancreatitis
Cirrhosis
Nephrotic syndrome
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Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is most useful for distinguishing the source of elevated ALP when suspecting
Skeletal muscle injury
Cholestatic liver disease
Myocardial infarction
Acute renal failure
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Which condition is most associated with elevated total protein and a low albumin-to-globulin (A/G) ratio?
Acute hemorrhage
Nephrotic syndrome
Dehydration
Chronic inflammation with polyclonal gammopathy
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Which isoenzyme pattern is most consistent with hepatobiliary disease?
Elevated LDH-1 greater than LDH-2
Elevated ALP and GGT
Elevated amylase with low lipase
Elevated CK-MB with normal GGT
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In the biuret method for total protein, the colored complex forms between cupric ions and
Peptide bonds
Aromatic side chains
Sulfhydryl groups
Carboxyl groups
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In patients with hyperparathyroidism, expected laboratory findings include
Normal calcium and elevated magnesium
Hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia
Hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia
Hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia
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For accurate ionized calcium measurement, arterial blood should be collected anaerobically because exposure to air will
Not affect pH but increase ionized calcium
Increase pH and increase ionized calcium
Decrease pH and increase ionized calcium
Increase pH and decrease ionized calcium
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Which enzyme requires pyridoxal 5-phosphate (vitamin B6) as a cofactor for its activity?
GGT
ALP
AST
CK
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Which serum protein migrates ahead of albumin in electrophoresis at pH 8.6?
Alpha-1 antitrypsin
Transferrin
Prealbumin (transthyretin)
Haptoglobin
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Which method reduces ALP interference when measuring creatinine kinase?
Using bromocresol purple dye
Use of N-acetylcysteine activation with AMP inhibition of ALP
Adding calcium to stimulate ALP
Measuring at acidic pH to suppress CK
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At alkaline pH, the physiological substrate for alkaline phosphatase is best mimicked by which synthetic substrate in routine assays?
p-Nitrophenyl phosphate
Lactate
Glutamate
Creatine phosphate
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In primary hyperparathyroidism, urinary excretion of which metabolite is typically increased due to bone resorption?
Hydroxyproline
Cystine
Urobilinogen
Homovanillic acid
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Study Outcomes

  1. Understand serum protein analysis -

    Explain the principles of serum protein electrophoresis and accurately interpret protein fraction patterns in clinical samples.

  2. Analyze calcium regulation mechanisms -

    Describe the hormonal and physiological controls of calcium homeostasis and relate them to laboratory findings.

  3. Apply enzyme assay techniques -

    Perform calculations for common clinical enzyme assays and troubleshoot assay variability and interference.

  4. Differentiate enzyme types -

    Identify major classes of clinical enzymes and explain their diagnostic significance in various disease states.

  5. Interpret clinical chemistry data -

    Assess laboratory results for metabolic abnormalities and formulate preliminary diagnostic hypotheses.

  6. Evaluate quality control practices -

    Implement and assess quality control procedures to ensure accuracy and reliability in clinical chemistry testing.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Serum Protein Electrophoresis -

    Agarose gel separates serum proteins into albumin, α1, α2, β and γ fractions (mnemonic: APE GAL). Monoclonal spikes in the γ region flag diseases like multiple myeloma. Sharpen your electrophoresis skills for free MLT practice test and clinical chemistry quiz by interpreting diverse sample patterns.

  2. Albumin/Globulin Ratio -

    Calculate A/G ratio by dividing serum albumin by (total protein minus albumin) to get a quick liver and immune function snapshot. A normal ratio is 1.2 - 2.2, with low values hinting at hypoalbuminemia or hypergammaglobulinemia. This simple formula often appears in medical laboratory chemistry questions and helps you screen for chronic liver disease or plasma cell disorders in minutes.

  3. Calcium Homeostasis -

    PTH, calcitonin and active vitamin D tightly regulate serum calcium, with normal total Ca at 8.5 - 10.5 mg/dL and ionized Ca at 4.4 - 5.4 mg/dL. Remember "Low Ca → ↑PTH" to recall parathyroid feedback control. This regulatory interplay is often tested in medical laboratory chemistry questions, so always consider albumin levels when interpreting total calcium to avoid misdiagnosis.

  4. Enzyme Kinetics and Michaelis-Menten -

    The Michaelis-Menten equation v = (Vmax [S])/(Km + [S]) describes the rate of enzymatic reactions under varying substrate levels. Km indicates substrate concentration at half-maximal velocity; a lower Km means higher enzyme affinity. Use Lineweaver-Burk plots for linear analysis and to determine Vmax and Km experimentally, a skill central to the MLT chemistry quiz.

  5. Spectrophotometric Assays & Beer-Lambert Law -

    Beer-Lambert's law (A = ε l c) underpins most clinical chemistry tests by linking absorbance to analyte concentration. Constructing accurate standard curves with known concentrations ensures precise quantitation. Frequently featured on online MLT tests, always verify wavelength, path length and blank corrections to minimize systematic errors.

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