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Quizzes > Science > Biology

Ready to Master the Cell Energy Cycle? Take the Quiz Now!

Think you can ace endosymbiosis cartoons, ATP trivia & photosynthesis? Dive in!

Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art scene of mitochondria chloroplasts and ATP molecules on coral background promoting a cell energy cycle quiz

Ready to dive into the cell energy cycle quiz that separates the biology pros from the amateurs? This free, interactive challenge invites you to test your understanding of ATP production, tackle endosymbiosis cartoon scenarios, and master cell energy cycle trivia. Whether you're brushing up for a class or seeking a fun refresh, these questions on photosynthesis and the cellular respiration quiz will sharpen your skills. Explore our cellular energetics quiz for in-depth ATP pathways and hop over to our photosynthesis quiz to visualize light-dependent reactions. Step up, fuel your curiosity, and see if you've got what it takes - start now!

What is the main energy currency of the cell?
ATP
NADH
ADP
Glucose
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stores and transports chemical energy within cells, making it the primary energy currency. ADP and NADH are involved in energy transfer but are not the main currency. Glucose is a fuel molecule that gets broken down to produce ATP. source
In which organelle does the citric acid cycle occur?
Chloroplast stroma
Mitochondrial matrix
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cytosol
The citric acid cycle takes place in the mitochondrial matrix, where enzymes and substrates are concentrated for the cycle to proceed. The cytosol is where glycolysis occurs. Chloroplast stroma is the site of the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis. The endoplasmic reticulum is unrelated to these pathways. source
Which molecule carries high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain?
NADH
ATP
CO2
FADH2
NADH donates high-energy electrons to Complex I of the electron transport chain. FADH2 donates to Complex II but is not the primary carrier. ATP is the end product, not an electron carrier. CO2 is a waste product of respiration. source
What is produced in glycolysis?
Acetyl-CoA
FADH2
O2
ATP and NADH
Glycolysis breaks down glucose into pyruvate, producing a net gain of ATP and NADH. Acetyl-CoA is produced when pyruvate enters the mitochondrion. Oxygen is not produced in glycolysis. FADH2 is generated later in the citric acid cycle. source
During photosynthesis, where is glucose produced?
Stroma
Thylakoid lumen
Chloroplast outer membrane
Cytosol
In chloroplasts, the Calvin cycle in the stroma fixes CO2 into glucose. The thylakoid lumen is where light reactions generate ATP and NADPH. The cytosol and outer membrane are not sites of sugar synthesis. source
Which process directly requires oxygen?
Oxidative phosphorylation
Glycolysis
Fermentation
Calvin cycle
Oxidative phosphorylation uses oxygen as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. Fermentation occurs anaerobically without oxygen. Glycolysis does not require oxygen directly. The Calvin cycle is part of photosynthesis and does not use oxygen. source
What is the net yield of ATP from one molecule of glucose after glycolysis alone?
2 ATP
30 ATP
36 ATP
4 ATP
Glycolysis produces 4 ATP but consumes 2 ATP in its initial steps, giving a net yield of 2 ATP per glucose. The larger yields occur when including respiration. source
Where does the electron transport chain occur in eukaryotes?
Cytoplasm
Inner mitochondrial membrane
Thylakoid membrane
Outer mitochondrial membrane
In eukaryotic cells, complexes I - IV and ATP synthase are embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. The outer membrane is permeable to small molecules. Thylakoid membranes are in chloroplasts. source
What is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?
O2
H2O
NAD+
CO2
Oxygen accepts electrons at the end of the electron transport chain to form water. NAD+ accepts electrons earlier in metabolism but is not the terminal acceptor. CO2 is a product of respiration. source
What intermediate links glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?
Citrate
Oxaloacetate
Acetyl-CoA
Pyruvate
Pyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA by pyruvate dehydrogenase before entering the citric acid cycle. Citrate and oxaloacetate are cycle intermediates but not the link. source
Which enzyme synthesizes ATP in the electron transport chain?
Hexokinase
ATP synthase
Cytochrome c oxidase
Pyruvate kinase
ATP synthase uses the proton gradient to drive the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. Hexokinase and pyruvate kinase act in glycolysis. Cytochrome c oxidase transfers electrons to oxygen. source
During photosynthesis, which pigment captures light energy?
Phycobilin
Xanthophyll
Carotene
Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is the primary pigment that absorbs light in photosystems. Carotenes and xanthophylls are accessory pigments that broaden the absorption spectrum. Phycobilins are found in cyanobacteria and red algae. source
What role does proton motive force play in ATP synthesis?
Stabilizes NADH
Drives protons through ATP synthase
Has no role
Directly phosphorylates ADP
Proton motive force is the electrochemical gradient that powers ATP synthase by driving protons through its channel. It does not directly phosphorylate ADP or stabilize NADH. Without this gradient, ATP synthesis halts. source
Which compound is regenerated in the citric acid cycle enabling continuous operation?
Oxaloacetate
Isocitrate
Citrate
Succinate
Oxaloacetate condenses with acetyl-CoA to form citrate at the start of each cycle turn, and it is regenerated at the end to keep the cycle running. Other intermediates change but do not regenerate the starting molecule. source
In endosymbiosis theory, mitochondria are thought to have originated from which organisms?
Cyanobacteria
Purple non-sulfur bacteria
Archaea
Firmicutes
Mitochondria are believed to derive from an ancestral alpha-proteobacterium, often likened to modern purple non-sulfur bacteria. Cyanobacteria are ancestral to chloroplasts. Archaea and Firmicutes are unrelated lineages. source
What is the primary purpose of the light-dependent reactions?
Generate ATP and NADPH
Produce sugars
Release oxygen only
Fix carbon dioxide
The light-dependent reactions convert light energy into chemical energy by producing ATP and NADPH. Carbon fixation into sugars occurs in the Calvin cycle. Oxygen release is a byproduct, not the primary purpose. source
Which of the following inhibits cytochrome c oxidase, halting the electron transport chain?
Cyanide
Rotenone
Malonate
Oligomycin
Cyanide binds to cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV), preventing electron transfer to oxygen. Malonate inhibits succinate dehydrogenase (Complex II), rotenone inhibits Complex I, and oligomycin blocks ATP synthase. source
What is the ratio of ATP to NADH produced in the citric acid cycle per acetyl-CoA?
3:1
1:3
1:2
2:1
Each acetyl-CoA yields 3 NADH and 1 ATP (via GTP), giving an ATP:NADH ratio of 1:3, which can be expressed as 3:1 when comparing NADH to ATP generation quantity. This reflects the cycle's efficiency. source
How many total NADH molecules are produced per glucose molecule from glycolysis through the citric acid cycle?
10
12
6
8
Glycolysis yields 2 NADH, pyruvate dehydrogenase yields 2 NADH, and the citric acid cycle yields 6 NADH per glucose (2 per acetyl-CoA), totaling 10 NADH. source
Which uncoupling protein is involved in thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue?
UCP2
UCP1
UCP4
UCP3
UCP1, also called thermogenin, is expressed in brown fat mitochondria and dissipates the proton gradient as heat rather than producing ATP. Other UCPs have different tissue distributions and roles. source
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Study Outcomes

  1. Identify Cell Energy Cycle Stages -

    Pinpoint each step in the cell energy cycle - from light reactions and photosynthesis to glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and electron transport - using insights from the photosynthesis quiz and cellular respiration quiz segments.

  2. Differentiate ATP Production Pathways -

    Compare how ATP is generated in photosynthesis versus cellular respiration, recognizing the unique roles of chloroplasts and mitochondria in energy conversion.

  3. Analyze Endosymbiosis Cartoon Scenarios -

    Interpret endosymbiosis cartoon depictions to understand the evolutionary origin of organelles and how symbiotic relationships shaped cell energy processes.

  4. Recall Cell Energy Cycle Trivia -

    Strengthen memory retention by tackling targeted cell energy cycle trivia questions that cover key concepts and facts.

  5. Evaluate Your Biology Proficiency -

    Assess your mastery of core topics through this cell energy cycle quiz, identifying areas of confidence and opportunities for further study.

Cheat Sheet

  1. ATP Structure & Phosphorylation Powerhouse -

    Review ATP's adenine base, ribose sugar, and three-phosphate tail to understand why hydrolyzing the terminal phosphate releases ~30.5 kJ/mol of energy. Mnemonic: "ATP = Always Triphosphate for Power" helps lock in its role as the universal energy currency (source: NC State University).

  2. Photosynthesis Quiz Prep: Light Reactions vs. Calvin Cycle -

    Distinguish the light-dependent stage (producing ATP and NADPH in thylakoid membranes) from the light-independent Calvin Cycle (fixing CO₂ into triose sugars in the stroma). Use the phrase "Light Lights, Dark Cools" to recall which step needs sunlight (source: University of California, Berkeley).

  3. Cellular Respiration Quiz: Glycolysis, Krebs & Electron Transport -

    Trace glucose breakdown: glycolysis yields 2 ATP + 2 NADH, Krebs cycle nets 2 ATP + 6 NADH + 2 FADH₂, and the electron transport chain generates ~28 more ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. Sample overall reaction: C₆H₝₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + ~32 ATP (source: MIT OpenCourseWare).

  4. Endosymbiosis Cartoon Origins -

    Illustrate how ancient prokaryotes engulfed by host cells evolved into mitochondria and chloroplasts, each retaining circular DNA and double membranes. Sketching a simple comic panel can reinforce key traits - think of mitochondria as "powerhouse friends" in your endosymbiosis cartoon (source: National Center for Biotechnology Information).

  5. Chemiosmosis & Proton-Motive Force -

    Understand how proton gradients across the inner mitochondrial membrane drive ATP synthase rotation, producing about 3 H❺ per ATP molecule. Remember "Pump Protons, Produce Power" to recall chemiosmotic coupling dynamics (source: Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell).

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