Paris is the capital city of France, renowned for its rich history, art, and culture. This fact is widely taught in basic geography classes.

Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air to perform photosynthesis, producing oxygen and energy. This process is a basic concept in biology.

South America is home to the Amazon Rainforest, the largest tropical rainforest in the world. This region significantly influences global biodiversity and climate.

Water freezes at 0°C, which is a fundamental benchmark in science. This temperature is used as a basic reference point in many scientific experiments.

William Shakespeare authored 'Romeo and Juliet', one of the most famous and enduring plays in English literature. His works are celebrated for their lyrical language and timeless themes.

Mars is famously dubbed the Red Planet because of its distinctive reddish appearance caused by iron oxide. It is a central topic in discussions about the solar system.

Neil Armstrong became the first human to walk on the moon during the Apollo 11 mission in 1969. His milestone achievement is a key moment in modern history.

Cellular respiration breaks down sugar to generate energy for cellular activities. This process is fundamental to understanding how living organisms function.

Flour is the primary ingredient used to make traditional bread, providing structure and texture. This fact is a common element in culinary knowledge.

The Nile River is traditionally recognized as the longest river in the world, with longstanding historical significance. Its length and impact on ancient civilizations make it a key geographical fact.

The ancient Egyptians built the pyramids as monumental tombs for their pharaohs. These structures remain enduring symbols of architectural and engineering prowess.

The CPU (Central Processing Unit) is known as the brain of the computer because it processes instructions and manages system operations. This component is essential for operating any computer system.

Carbon dioxide is a significant greenhouse gas that traps heat in the Earth's atmosphere. Its increasing concentration due to human activities is a central topic in climate change discussions.

A prime number is defined as a number greater than 1 that has no divisors other than 1 and itself. This concept plays a pivotal role in number theory and mathematics.

Charles Babbage is recognized as the 'Father of Computers' for designing early mechanical computing devices. His innovations laid the groundwork for the development of modern computers.

The Big Bang Theory describes the origin of the universe as a rapid expansion from an extremely hot and dense state. It is the prevailing cosmological model supported by extensive scientific evidence.

Tungsten is renowned for its extremely high melting point, making it ideal for applications where heat resistance is required. Its unique properties make it stand out among the listed elements.

The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in 1914 is commonly recognized as the event that triggered World War I. This conflict significantly altered the course of global history.

Animal Farm uses allegory and satire to critique totalitarian systems, representing political figures and ideologies through farm animals. It remains a powerful commentary on the misuse of power.

John Locke introduced the idea of 'tabula rasa', suggesting that humans are born without innate ideas and knowledge is acquired through experience. This concept has had a long-standing influence on educational theory and philosophy.