The line is expressed in slope-intercept form (y = mx + b), where m represents the slope. Hence, the slope is 3.

Specific heat capacity indicates the amount of heat required to change a substance's temperature. Water's high specific heat capacity means it can absorb large amounts of heat with only a small change in temperature.

A prime number has exactly two distinct positive factors: 1 and itself. The number 2 is prime because its only factors are 1 and 2.

Mars is often called the 'Red Planet' due to the iron oxide on its surface that gives it a reddish appearance. This characteristic is a well-known fact in astronomy.

The sum of the interior angles in any triangle is always 180 degrees. This is a fundamental theorem in geometry.

By adding 7 to both sides of the equation, we obtain 2x = 16, and dividing by 2 gives x = 8. This demonstrates the basic technique for solving linear equations.

Newton's Second Law states that force equals mass times acceleration (F = ma). It explains how an object's motion changes when a force is applied.

The area of a circle is calculated using the formula A = πr², where r is the radius. This formula is a key concept in geometry.

A neutral solution has a pH of 7 at 25°C because the concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions are equal. This is a standard measurement in chemistry.

The quadratic x² + 5x + 6 factors into (x + 2)(x + 3) because 2 and 3 add up to 5 and multiply to 6. Factoring in this way is a fundamental algebra skill.

The mitochondrion produces ATP, which is the main energy source for the cell. This is why it is often referred to as the cell's powerhouse.

Substituting x = 4 into the function gives f(4) = 2(4) + 3 = 11. This is an application of evaluating functions.

The outer core of the Earth is liquid, composed mainly of molten iron and nickel. This is a crucial concept in understanding Earth's internal structure.

By adding the two equations, we get 2x = 12, so x = 6; substituting back gives y = 4. This method is a basic application of solving systems of linear equations.

In a hydroelectric power plant, water stored at height (potential energy) first converts to kinetic energy as it falls and then to electrical energy via turbines. This sequence highlights basic energy conversion principles.

A discriminant of 0 means that the quadratic equation has exactly one unique solution, repeated twice. This is known as a double root and is an important concept in algebra.

Redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons between species. The combustion of methane is a classic example where oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously.

Using the identity sin²θ + cos²θ = 1, we compute cos(θ) as √(1 - 0.36) which equals 0.8. Because θ is acute, cos(θ) remains positive.

A test cross is used to reveal the genotype of an organism displaying a dominant trait by crossing it with a homozygous recessive individual. The resulting offspring's traits indicate whether the dominant individual is homozygous or heterozygous.

Acceleration is calculated as (20 m/s - 0 m/s) / 5 s = 4 m/s². Using s = 0.5 × a × t², the distance traveled is 0.5 × 4 × 25 = 50 m.