The correct symbol for Oxygen is O. This follows the standard practice of using the first letter of the element's name for its symbol, making it easy to remember.

Sodium is represented by the symbol Na, which is derived from its Latin name 'Natrium'. This example shows that some element symbols do not directly match their English names.

The symbol Au stands for Gold, derived from the Latin word 'Aurum'. Recognizing such Latin-derived symbols is important in understanding the periodic table.

Fe is the symbol for Iron, which comes from its Latin name 'Ferrum'. This example highlights a common exception where the symbol does not match the English name.

Carbon is uniquely represented by the symbol C, directly taken from its name. This straightforward mapping is common among several elements in the periodic table.

Potassium is represented by the symbol K, which comes from its Latin name 'Kalium'. This might seem counterintuitive at first but is a key detail in mastering element symbols.

Ag stands for Silver, derived from the Latin 'Argentum'. Understanding these Latin roots can help in identifying elements that may not be obvious from their English names.

Pb is the symbol for Lead, coming from the Latin word 'plumbum'. Recognizing such historical naming conventions is a useful skill when working with element symbols.

Neon is correctly symbolized as Ne, following the common pattern of using the first letters from the element's name. This simple and direct method is applied to many noble gases.

The symbol Hg stands for Mercury, derived from the Greek 'hydrargyrum'. This non-intuitive symbol is a common point of confusion, emphasizing the importance of historical naming.

Cu is the symbol for Copper, which comes from its Latin name 'cuprum'. Recognizing these abbreviations is fundamental to understanding periodic table nomenclature.

The single-letter symbol N represents Nitrogen. Its simplicity is a good example of elements that use only the first letter of their name as a symbol.

Aluminum is denoted by the symbol Al, which clearly reflects its English name. Choosing the correct symbol helps avoid common mix-ups with similar abbreviations.

The symbol Sn stands for Tin, derived from the Latin name 'stannum'. This is a typical example of an element whose symbol does not directly correspond to its English name.

P is the symbol for Phosphorus, clearly set apart from other elements with similar starting letters. This clarity in symbol assignment is crucial for correctly reading and using the periodic table.

W represents Tungsten, even though its alternative name is Wolfram. The other options are either misspellings or distractors, making Tungsten the clear correct answer.

Sodium's symbol, Na, is derived from its Latin name 'Natrium', making it distinct from its English name. This connection to Latin origins is a common trait in several element symbols.

Gold is correctly paired with Au, which comes from the Latin word 'Aurum'. The other options contain mismatches between the element and its accepted symbol.

The set {H, B, C, N} includes only elements that are represented by a single letter. The other sets contain symbols with two letters, making the first set the correct choice.

Gold and Silver have symbols Au and Ag, which come from their Latin names 'Aurum' and 'Argentum' respectively. The other pairs either mix naming origins or include symbols derived directly from the English names.