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Quizzes > Engineering & Technology

Accelerated Fundamentals Of Computing II Quiz

Free Practice Quiz & Exam Preparation

Difficulty: Moderate
Questions: 15
Study OutcomesAdditional Reading
3D voxel art representing Accelerated Fundamentals of Computing II course

Boost your programming skills with our engaging practice quiz for Accelerated Fundamentals of Computing II, designed to reinforce key concepts in object-oriented programming such as encapsulation, polymorphism, inheritance, design patterns, and class-based design. This quiz also challenges you on essential topics like exception handling, database programming, and concurrent programming to help non-specialist students master reusable software development techniques.

What does encapsulation in object-oriented programming refer to?
Hiding the internal state of an object and requiring interaction through its methods.
Inheriting properties and methods from a parent class.
Creating multiple objects from a single class.
Executing code concurrently using threads.
Encapsulation involves bundling data and methods together while restricting direct access to some of an object's components. This helps maintain object integrity and safeguard internal states.
Which design pattern involves creating objects without specifying the exact class to instantiate?
Factory Pattern
Observer Pattern
Strategy Pattern
Singleton Pattern
The Factory Pattern delegates the instantiation process to subclasses, allowing the creation of objects without binding code to specific classes. This promotes loose coupling and greater flexibility in software design.
Which keyword is commonly used for handling errors in languages like Java?
synchronized
interface
import
try
The try keyword is used to enclose code that might throw exceptions and is typically paired with catch and finally blocks. This mechanism is fundamental for robust error handling in programming.
What benefit does inheritance provide in object-oriented programming?
Simplifying database queries through object mapping.
Efficient handling of concurrent processes.
Enhanced security through automatic error handling.
Code reusability by allowing one class to inherit properties and methods from another.
Inheritance enables a subclass to inherit attributes and behaviors from a parent class, promoting code reuse. This leads to more organized and maintainable code structures.
What is a common advantage of using composition over inheritance?
Simpler object creation by reusing a single class hierarchy.
Easier implementation of multithreading.
Greater flexibility in combining behaviors from multiple objects.
Automatic error handling during method execution.
Composition allows developers to build complex objects by assembling simpler ones, offering more flexibility in behavior combination. This approach tends to be more modular than rigid inheritance hierarchies.
In object-oriented design, what does polymorphism primarily allow?
Sharing code between unrelated classes.
Different objects to be treated as instances of the same interface or class.
Creation of objects without needing a constructor.
Concurrent execution of multiple threads.
Polymorphism enables objects of different classes to be treated through a common interface, allowing for interchangeable behavior. This enhances code flexibility and supports scalable system design.
Which design pattern provides a way to decouple an abstraction from its implementation?
Bridge Pattern
Observer Pattern
Adapter Pattern
Decorator Pattern
The Bridge Pattern separates an abstraction from its implementation so that both can vary independently. This decoupling improves flexibility in extending and maintaining code.
How does exception handling improve program reliability?
By automating database transactions to avoid data loss.
By enforcing stricter type-checking at compile time.
By catching errors and managing them gracefully to prevent program crashes.
By optimizing memory usage through garbage collection.
Exception handling allows a program to intercept and manage runtime errors, preventing sudden crashes. This approach ensures that errors are handled gracefully, thus enhancing overall program robustness.
What is the primary purpose of using prepared statements in database programming?
To dynamically build queries using string concatenation.
To enhance object-oriented design in database interactions.
To automatically synchronize database transactions.
To prevent SQL injection by precompiling SQL statements.
Prepared statements precompile the SQL code, which separates the command from the data. This protects against SQL injection attacks and often improves query performance through reused execution plans.
What is the role of a mutex in concurrent programming?
To create multiple instances of a single class concurrently.
To protect against SQL injection attacks in database systems.
To manage memory allocation across multiple threads.
To ensure that only one thread executes a critical section at a time.
A mutex (mutual exclusion) provides synchronized access to shared resources by allowing only one thread to enter a critical section at a time. This mechanism is key to preventing race conditions in concurrent programming.
What advantage does the Singleton design pattern offer in software design?
It ensures a class has only one instance and provides a global access point.
It enables dynamic binding of methods at runtime.
It decouples subclass behaviors from their parent classes.
It simplifies multiple instances by automating their destruction.
The Singleton Pattern restricts a class to a single instance, offering controlled and global access to that instance. This is particularly useful for managing shared resources or configurations across an application.
How does the Observer design pattern facilitate communication in software systems?
It routes database queries to the appropriate handler.
It establishes a direct link between interface components for fast response.
It inherits behavior from a common superclass to enforce consistency.
It enables objects to be notified of state changes in other objects through a subscription mechanism.
The Observer Pattern allows objects (observers) to subscribe to another object (subject) so that they get notified of any state changes. This decouples the components, enabling dynamic and flexible communication within a system.
What does ACID stand for in database systems?
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
Accessibility, Compatibility, Integration, Durability
Automation, Concurrency, Interface, Design
Accuracy, Compatibility, Isolation, Data
ACID is a set of properties that guarantee reliable transaction processing in database systems. These properties - Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability - ensure that database transactions are processed reliably.
Why is abstraction important when designing reusable software libraries?
It encourages detailed exposure of underlying processes to improve transparency.
It automatically handles error management in all modules.
It allows developers to expose only relevant functionalities while hiding complex implementations.
It mandates the use of multiple database tables for storage.
Abstraction helps in focusing on the essential features of a system while hiding unnecessary details. This simplifies the interface for users, making software libraries easier to use and maintain.
Which mechanism is commonly used in concurrent programming to prevent race conditions?
Using abstract classes to define critical sections.
Using locks to control access to shared resources.
Using foreign key constraints in databases.
Using inheritance to share synchronization methods.
Locks are used to ensure that only one thread can access a specific section of code at a time, which is essential for preventing race conditions. This mechanism is a cornerstone of safe concurrent programming practices.
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Study Outcomes

  1. Understand and apply core object-oriented principles such as encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.
  2. Analyze and implement common design patterns to create robust, reusable software components.
  3. Apply exception handling techniques to improve software reliability and error management.
  4. Evaluate database programming strategies for effective data management within applications.
  5. Synthesize concurrent programming concepts to design and implement efficient multi-threaded applications.

Accelerated Fundamentals Of Computing II Additional Reading

Here are some engaging academic resources to enhance your understanding of object-oriented programming, design patterns, exception handling, and concurrent programming:

  1. Revisiting Exception Handling Practices with Exception Flow Analysis This paper delves into exception handling in modern programming languages, highlighting challenges and proposing automated analysis to improve practices.
  2. Studying the Prevalence of Exception Handling Anti-Patterns Explore common anti-patterns in exception handling across Java and C#, offering insights to enhance software reliability.
  3. Concurrent Object-Oriented Development with Behavioral Design Patterns This study presents a method for mapping UML designs to concurrent object-oriented programs, using design patterns to simplify development.
  4. On the Interaction of Object-Oriented Design Patterns and Programming Languages Investigate how programming language constructs influence the implementation of design patterns, suggesting enhancements for better support.
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