Calling all Grade 10 biology buffs! Ready to elevate your understanding with challenging biology quiz questions crafted for your level? Dive into our free biology practice quiz featuring multiple choice biology test items that sharpen your cell, genetics, and ecology knowledge. Whether you're prepping for exams or craving a fun quiz biology session, you'll test your grasp of key concepts and see where you excel. This quiz aligns with real Grade 10 standards, offering targeted feedback on quiz questions biology. Craving variety? Check out our curated 100 biology questions and answers or explore engaging biology trivia . Grab a pencil, challenge yourself now, and prove you can master every question!
What is the basic unit of life?
Atom
Tissue
Cell
Molecule
The cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of all living organisms. Cells can function independently and are often called the 'building blocks of life'. All tissues and organs are composed of cells. Learn more at Britannica.
Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondrion
Endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosome
Mitochondria generate most of the cell's supply of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation, providing energy for cellular activities. They have their own DNA and double membranes, reflecting an evolutionary origin. This energy-producing function earned them the nickname 'powerhouse of the cell'. See details at Britannica.
In photosynthesis, what is the main product of the light-dependent reactions?
ATP
Carbon dioxide
Oxygen
Glucose
The light-dependent reactions in the thylakoid membranes capture energy from sunlight to produce ATP and NADPH. ATP generated here supplies energy for the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions). Oxygen is released as a by-product when water is split. More information at Britannica.
Which process involves the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane?
Active transport
Facilitated diffusion
Diffusion
Osmosis
Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules from an area of lower solute concentration to higher solute concentration through a semi-permeable membrane. It does not require energy input. This process is vital for maintaining cell turgor pressure in plants and regulating fluid balance in animals. For more, see Britannica.
DNA stands for:
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Ribonucleic acid
Deoxyribonucleic acetyl
Deoxyribonucleotide acid
DNA is an acronym for deoxyribonucleic acid, reflecting its composition of deoxyribose sugar, phosphate groups, and nitrogenous bases. It stores genetic information in cells. Its double-helix structure was described by Watson and Crick in 1953. Learn more at Britannica.
During which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate?
Telophase
Prophase
Anaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase is the stage of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart toward opposite poles by spindle fibers. It ensures each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes. Proper anaphase progression is critical for genetic stability. Further reading at Britannica.
Which level of ecological organization includes all living organisms in a given area interacting with their physical environment?
Community
Ecosystem
Biosphere
Population
An ecosystem comprises all living organisms (the biotic community) in a particular area interacting with the nonliving components (abiotic environment). It covers energy flow and nutrient cycling among organisms and their environment. This is broader than community, which only includes organisms. Details at Britannica.
Enzymes increase the rate of biochemical reactions by:
Providing energy to reaction
Increasing activation energy
Lowering activation energy
Changing the reaction equilibrium
Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy barrier. They do not alter the overall equilibrium or provide energy themselves. This allows reactions to proceed faster under physiological conditions. More on enzyme function at Britannica.
Which of the following describes passive transport?
Movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy
Movement of molecules from low to high concentration using ATP
Movement via vesicles
Movement of water exclusively
Passive transport moves substances down their concentration gradient without energy input, including diffusion and facilitated diffusion. Active transport, in contrast, requires ATP to move substances against their gradient. Passive transport is essential for nutrient uptake and waste removal in cells. Learn more at Britannica.
During which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?
Telophase II
Anaphase II
Metaphase I
Prophase I
Crossing over, the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes, occurs during Prophase I of meiosis. This process increases genetic diversity in gametes. It involves the formation of chiasmata and recombination nodules. Details at Britannica.
A monohybrid cross between two heterozygous pea plants (Tt x Tt) yields what phenotypic ratio?
9:3:3:1
1:2:1
3:1
1:1
In a monohybrid cross of two heterozygotes (Tt), the expected phenotypic ratio is 3 dominant to 1 recessive. This follows Mendel's law of segregation. It reflects the genotypes TT, Tt, and tt in a 1:2:1 ratio but phenotypes in 3:1. See Britannica for more.
Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Venules
Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to tissues, except for pulmonary arteries that carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs. They have thick, elastic walls to handle high pressure. Veins return blood towards the heart. More at Britannica.
The general equation for cellular respiration is:
C6H12O6 + 6 CO2 ? 6 O2 + energy
6 O2 + energy ? C6H12O6 + 6 CO2
6 CO2 + 6 H2O ? C6H12O6 + 6 O2
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 ? 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy
Cellular respiration oxidizes glucose in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP. This process occurs in cytoplasm and mitochondria. The balanced equation is the reverse of photosynthesis. More detail at Britannica.
Which organ system regulates body temperature and protects internal organs?
Endocrine system
Nervous system
Circulatory system
Integumentary system
The integumentary system, consisting of skin, hair, and nails, serves as a barrier against pathogens and regulates body temperature through sweating and blood vessel dilation. It also prevents water loss. This system protects internal organs from mechanical damage and UV radiation. Learn more at Britannica.
In photosynthesis, the Calvin cycle occurs in the:
Mitochondrial matrix
Stroma of chloroplast
Thylakoid membrane
Cytoplasm
The Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions) takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts, using ATP and NADPH to fix CO2 into organic molecules like glucose. It is distinct from the light-dependent reactions which occur in thylakoid membranes. The enzyme Rubisco catalyzes the first major step. See Britannica.
Which process removes introns and joins exons during gene expression?
DNA replication
Translation
Transcription
RNA splicing
RNA splicing is a post-transcriptional process where introns are removed and exons are joined to generate mature messenger RNA. This editing occurs in the nucleus before mRNA is exported to the cytoplasm. Spliceosomes catalyze this mechanism. More at Britannica.
In the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which of the following conditions is required?
Non-random mating
Gene flow present
Large population size
Mutation rate high
One assumption of the Hardy-Weinberg principle is an infinitely large population size to prevent genetic drift. Additionally, no mutation, selection, gene flow, or non-random mating must occur. These conditions keep allele frequencies constant over generations. See Britannica.
Which hormone regulates blood sugar by facilitating glucose uptake?
Cortisol
Insulin
Glucagon
Adrenaline
Insulin, produced by pancreatic ?-cells, lowers blood glucose levels by promoting uptake into liver, muscle, and fat cells. It also stimulates glycogen synthesis. Glucagon has the opposite effect, raising blood sugar. For more, see Britannica.
In the human kidney, which structure is responsible for filtration?
Glomerulus
Collecting duct
Renal pelvis
Loop of Henle
The glomerulus is a network of capillaries within the Bowman's capsule where blood filtration begins. It filters water and solutes to form the primary urine. Large molecules like proteins and blood cells remain in the bloodstream. Learn more at Britannica.
During muscular contraction, which ion is directly responsible for initiating the process?
Sodium
Chloride
Calcium
Potassium
Calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum into the cytosol, binding to troponin and causing tropomyosin to shift on actin filaments. This exposure of binding sites allows myosin heads to attach and produce contraction. Calcium removal ends the contraction. More at Britannica.
Which of the following best describes the function of primers in PCR?
They unwind the DNA double helix
They provide a starting point for DNA polymerase
They join Okazaki fragments
They degrade RNA template
In PCR, short DNA primers anneal to single-stranded template DNA, providing a free 3'-OH group for DNA polymerase to extend. Without primers, polymerase cannot initiate synthesis. Primer design is critical for specificity. Learn more at Britannica.
In the lac operon of E. coli, the presence of lactose leads to:
Repressor release from operator
RNA polymerase inhibition
Repressor binding to operator
cAMP binding to CAP
When lactose is present, it is converted to allolactose, which binds the lac repressor and causes it to detach from the operator. This allows RNA polymerase to transcribe the lac genes for lactose metabolism. CAP-cAMP also enhances transcription when glucose is low. More at Britannica.
0
{"name":"What is the basic unit of life?", "url":"https://www.quiz-maker.com/QPREVIEW","txt":"What is the basic unit of life?, Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?, In photosynthesis, what is the main product of the light-dependent reactions?","img":"https://www.quiz-maker.com/3012/images/ogquiz.png"}
Score7/22
Easy3/7
Medium2/7
Hard1/6
Expert1/2
AI Study Notes
Email these to me
You can bookmark this page to review your notes in future, or fill out the email box below to email them to yourself.
Study Outcomes
Understand Cell Theory Fundamentals -
Describe the main principles of cell theory and identify how cells function as the basic units of life.
Apply Genetics Concepts -
Solve multiple choice biology test questions on inheritance patterns and predict outcomes using Punnett squares.
Analyze Biological Processes -
Examine processes such as photosynthesis and cellular respiration, distinguishing inputs, outputs, and stages.
Differentiate Cellular Structures -
Compare the features of plant and animal cells and determine the roles of key organelles.
Interpret Quiz Biology Challenges -
Navigate various quiz questions biology to assess strengths and identify topics for further study.
Evaluate Scientific Evidence -
Critically review scenarios and select evidence-based answers in a biology practice quiz format.
Cheat Sheet
Cell Theory Essentials -
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells. Use the mnemonic "CRoCS" (Cells, Reproduction, Cell Structure) to recall these principles when tackling biology quiz questions. This framework is outlined in university curricula and resources like NCBI.
Mendelian Genetics and Punnett Squares -
Dominant and recessive alleles determine trait inheritance; a Punnett square maps the 25% genotype probabilities in monohybrid crosses. Practice labeling genotype vs. phenotype in multiple choice biology test scenarios to boost accuracy. MIT OpenCourseWare and genetics journals offer sample problems for efficient quiz biology prep.
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration -
Photosynthesis (6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₂O₆ + 6O₂) in chloroplasts captures solar energy, while cellular respiration (C₆H₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O) in mitochondria releases ATP. Compare reactants and products side by side when studying for biology quiz questions to avoid confusion. Khan Academy and peer-reviewed articles provide clear pathway diagrams that reinforce understanding.
Enzyme Activity and Factors -
Enzymes lower activation energy and accelerate reactions; visualize substrate binding with "lock and key" versus "induced fit" models. Temperature, pH, and substrate concentration affect enzyme rate - graphing rate against these variables sharpens your skills for quiz questions biology style. The IB Biology guide and ACS publications offer detailed examples for practice.
Taxonomy and Classification -
The hierarchy Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species can be memorized with "Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup." Master binomial nomenclature rules for genus and species to excel in multiple choice biology test items. Natural History Museums and leading textbooks emphasize that this system underpins biodiversity studies.
