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Quizzes > Health & Medicine > Human Anatomy & Medicine

Take the Muscular Tissue Quiz and Test Your Knowledge

Think you know muscle tissue? Try this muscular system quiz now!

Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art muscle fibers and cells illustration with quiz title text on coral background

Curious about how your muscles really work? Step into our free Muscular Tissue Quiz and put your knowledge to the test! Ideal for students, budding healthcare pros, and fitness fans, this interactive muscular tissue quiz challenges you with practical muscle tissue questions and a concise muscular tissue test that covers everything from fiber types to contraction processes. You'll sharpen your grasp of anatomy muscular tissue quiz essentials and gain confidence in the muscular system quiz fundamentals. Ready for the challenge? Click here to start the muscle tissue quiz and dive deeper with our focused skeletal muscle quiz - let's power up your learning journey!

Which of the following is a type of muscle tissue?
Adipose
Neural
Epithelial
Skeletal
Muscle tissue comes in three types: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. Skeletal muscle is under voluntary control and is striated. Epithelial, neural, and adipose are other tissue types. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_tissue
What type of muscle is under voluntary control?
Connective
Smooth
Cardiac
Skeletal
Skeletal muscle is attached to bones and is controlled consciously. Cardiac and smooth muscle function involuntarily. Connective tissue supports and binds other tissues. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537083/
A muscle cell is also called a:
Sarcomere
Endomysium
Myocyte
Myofibril
Each muscle fiber is a single muscle cell, also known as a myocyte. Myofibrils are organelles within muscle fibers. Sarcomeres are contractile units, and endomysium is connective tissue around fibers. https://www.physiologyweb.com/lecture_notes/muscle_physiology/muscle_fiber_structure.html
What is the basic contractile unit of a muscle called?
Myofilament
Myofibril
Sarcoplasm
Sarcomere
Sarcomeres are repeating units between Z-discs where actin and myosin interact to produce contraction. Myofibrils are chains of sarcomeres. Myofilaments are the individual protein filaments. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcomere
Which filament is the thick filament in muscle contraction?
Troponin
Actin
Tropomyosin
Myosin
Myosin molecules form the thick filaments with heads that bind actin. Actin forms the thin filaments. Troponin and tropomyosin regulate actin - myosin interactions. https://www.britannica.com/science/myosin
Which filament is the thin filament in muscle contraction?
Titin
Nebulin
Myosin
Actin
Actin makes up the thin filaments that myosin heads pull on during contraction. Titin and nebulin are structural proteins. Myosin is the thick filament. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actin
Which muscle type has striations and intercalated discs?
Cardiac
Smooth
Skeletal
Connective
Cardiac muscle fibers are striated like skeletal muscle but also contain intercalated discs for electrical coupling. Skeletal is voluntary and smooth lacks striations. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_muscle
Which muscle type is uninucleated and non-striated?
Smooth
Adipose
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth muscle cells have a single nucleus and lack striations, working involuntarily. Cardiac is striated and skeletal is multinucleated. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538446/
Where is calcium stored within a muscle fiber?
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Golgi apparatus
The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores and releases Ca2+ to trigger contraction. Mitochondria produce ATP but do not store calcium for contraction. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcoplasmic_reticulum
Which protein binds calcium to initiate muscle contraction?
Tropomyosin
Myosin
Actin
Troponin
Troponin binds Ca2+, causing tropomyosin to shift and expose myosin-binding sites on actin. Tropomyosin alone does not bind calcium. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Troponin
What blocks the myosin-binding sites on actin at rest?
Tropomyosin
Actinin
Troponin
Myosin
Tropomyosin covers the binding sites on actin when calcium is absent. Troponin is the calcium sensor. Myosin and actinin have different roles. https://www.britannica.com/science/tropomyosin
Which neurotransmitter is released at the neuromuscular junction?
GABA
Norepinephrine
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Motor neurons release acetylcholine to depolarize the muscle cell membrane. Norepinephrine, dopamine, and GABA act in other systems. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromuscular_junction
The specialized region of the muscle fiber membrane at the neuromuscular junction is called the:
Axon hillock
Nodes of Ranvier
Motor end plate
Intercalated disc
The motor end plate is the postsynaptic region with receptors for acetylcholine. Nodes of Ranvier and axon hillock are neuronal structures, and intercalated discs are in cardiac muscle. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547723/
Which connective tissue layer surrounds individual muscle fibers?
Endomysium
Fascia
Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium wraps each muscle fiber. Perimysium surrounds fascicles, and epimysium encloses the entire muscle. Fascia is a broader connective tissue. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_tissue#Connective_tissue_sheaths
Which connective tissue layer surrounds a bundle of muscle fibers?
Sarcolemma
Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium
Perimysium binds groups of fibers into fascicles. Endomysium and epimysium enclose fibers and the whole muscle respectively, while sarcolemma is the cell membrane. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_tissue#Connective_tissue_sheaths
What is the plasma membrane of a muscle cell called?
Basement membrane
Endomysium
Sarcolemma
Perimysium
Sarcolemma is the specialized cell membrane of muscle fibers. The endo-, peri-, and epimysium are connective tissue sheaths. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcoplasm
During the sliding filament mechanism, myosin heads bind to which part of actin?
Tropomyosin
Z-lines
M-line
Active sites
Myosin heads attach to exposed active sites on actin after calcium binds troponin. Tropomyosin moves aside to expose these sites. Z-lines anchor actin and M-line anchors myosin. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538442/
What ion influx triggers muscle fiber depolarization?
Sodium
Calcium
Chloride
Potassium
Acetylcholine binding opens ligand-gated sodium channels causing depolarization. Calcium release follows and triggers contraction. Potassium efflux repolarizes the membrane. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538442/
Which enzyme breaks down acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction?
Choline acetyltransferase
Monoamine oxidase
Acetylcholinesterase
Phospholipase C
Acetylcholinesterase hydrolyzes acetylcholine into choline and acetate to terminate the signal. Choline acetyltransferase synthesizes acetylcholine. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholinesterase
Which structure transmits action potentials deep into a muscle fiber?
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondria
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
T-tubules
Transverse tubules (T-tubules) carry depolarization into the fiber to trigger calcium release. The sarcoplasmic reticulum stores calcium. Mitochondria produce ATP. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-tubule
Which phase of a muscle twitch is characterized by cross-bridge cycling?
Contraction phase
Refractory period
Relaxation phase
Latent period
During the contraction phase, cross-bridges form and force is generated. The latent period precedes cross-bridge formation, and the relaxation phase follows. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_contraction#Twitch
Summation in muscle fibers occurs when:
Relaxation is prolonged
Stimuli arrive before relaxation completes
Stimuli are below threshold
Calcium is absent
Summation happens when a second stimulus occurs before the first twitch ends, increasing tension. Subthreshold stimuli produce no twitch, and without calcium no contraction occurs. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_contraction#Summation
In which type of contraction does muscle length remain constant as tension increases?
Tonic
Isometric
Isotonic concentric
Isotonic eccentric
Isometric contraction generates tension without changing muscle length. Concentric shortens, and eccentric lengthens the muscle under tension. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isometric_contraction
Which metabolic pathway provides ATP fastest during intense, short exercise?
Creatine phosphate system
Beta-oxidation
Aerobic respiration
Glycolysis
The creatine phosphate system donates phosphate to ADP rapidly for immediate ATP. Glycolysis and aerobic metabolism are slower. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphocreatine
Which fiber type is fatigue-resistant and rich in mitochondria?
Cardiac fibers
Type IIx (fast glycolytic)
Type I (slow oxidative)
Type IIa (fast oxidative)
Type I fibers rely on oxidative phosphorylation and resist fatigue. Type IIx rely on glycolysis and fatigue quickly. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeletal_muscle_fiber
Which disease is characterized by autoimmune destruction of acetylcholine receptors?
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Myasthenia gravis
Muscular dystrophy
Multiple sclerosis
In myasthenia gravis, autoantibodies target ACh receptors reducing synaptic transmission. Muscular dystrophy is a genetic muscle-wasting disease. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myasthenia_gravis
Satellite cells in muscle are responsible for:
Signal conduction
Lipid metabolism
Regeneration and growth
Calcium storage
Satellite cells are muscle stem cells that repair and grow muscle fibers. They do not store calcium or conduct signals. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_satellite_cell
What is tetanus in muscle physiology?
Sustained maximal tension
Complete relaxation
Delayed contraction
Single brief contraction
Tetanus is a sustained contraction from high-frequency stimulation. A single twitch is brief. There is no relaxation during tetanus. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_contraction#Tetanus
Which protein forms the elastic filament in the sarcomere?
Desmin
Dystrophin
Nebulin
Titin
Titin stretches from Z-disc to M-line providing elasticity and passive tension. Nebulin regulates thin filaments. Dystrophin links cytoskeleton to extracellular matrix. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titin
Which molecule provides the energy for the power stroke in muscle contraction?
GTP
ATP
Creatine
Glucose
ATP binds to myosin heads, is hydrolyzed, and drives the power stroke. GTP is used in other processes. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATP
Which band of the sarcomere contains only thick filaments?
I band
H zone
A band
Z line
The H zone is in the center of the A band and contains only thick filaments. The I band has only thin filaments, and the A band has both. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarcomere
Which dystrophy is linked to mutations in the dystrophin gene?
Myotonic dystrophy
Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy
Becker muscular dystrophy
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Duchenne is caused by frameshift deletions of the dystrophin gene leading to no functional protein. Becker is a milder allelic variant. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duchenne_muscular_dystrophy
In excitation - contraction coupling, which receptor on the T-tubule interacts with the ryanodine receptor?
Ryanodine receptor
IP3 receptor
Calmodulin
DHPR (dihydropyridine receptor)
The DHPR senses voltage change and mechanically opens the ryanodine receptor on the SR to release Ca2+. IP3 receptor is in other cells. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excitation_contraction_coupling
Which signaling pathway is critical for muscle hypertrophy?
Notch
mTOR
TGF-?
Wnt
mTOR regulates protein synthesis and cell growth in muscle hypertrophy. Wnt, Notch, and TGF-? have other developmental roles. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTOR
Which type of collagen is found in the connective tissue of muscle?
Type III
Type I
Type II
Type IV
Type I collagen provides tensile strength in muscle connective tissues. Type III is in reticular fibers and type IV forms basement membranes. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collagen
Which immunohistochemical marker is used to identify regenerating muscle fibers?
Desmin
Embryonic myosin heavy chain
Adult myosin heavy chain
Vimentin
Embryonic myosin heavy chain is re-expressed during regeneration. Adult myosin is in mature fibers. Desmin and vimentin are intermediate filaments. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5023057/
Which transcription factor is most directly involved in initiating myoblast differentiation?
Mrf4
MyoD
Myf5
Myogenin
MyoD is a master regulator that commits cells to myogenic lineage. Myogenin acts later in differentiation. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK52961/
Which condition is characterized by spasm of the entire motor unit leading to sustained contraction?
Fibrillation
Fasciculation
Tetanus
Clonus
Tetanus is a smooth, sustained contraction from rapid stimulation. Clonus is rhythmic contraction and relaxation. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetanus
Which metabolic byproduct contributes to muscle fatigue during high-intensity exercise?
Water
ATP
Oxygen
Lactic acid
Lactic acid accumulates when glycolysis exceeds mitochondrial oxidation capacity, leading to reduced pH and fatigue. Oxygen and water are not fatigue byproducts. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactic_acid
Which cell adhesion molecule is critical at the neuromuscular junction for synapse stability?
Integrin
Selectin
N-cadherin
Agrin
Agrin is released by motor neurons to cluster acetylcholine receptors and stabilize the synapse. N-cadherin and integrin function elsewhere. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrin
Which result indicates a positive creatine kinase (CK) test in muscle damage?
No change in CK
Low CK in blood
Elevated glucose
Elevated CK in blood
Damaged muscle fibers release CK into circulation, raising blood levels. Low or no change indicates intact muscle. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538500/
Which ultrastructural feature is enlarged in hypertrophied muscle fibers?
Nuclei number increases
Mitochondria number decreases
Sarcoplasmic reticulum shrinks
Myofibrils
Hypertrophy increases myofibril size and number. Nuclei may increase by satellite cell fusion but not number. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_hypertrophy
Which toxin blocks acetylcholine release from presynaptic terminals?
Botulinum toxin
Curare
Tetanospasmin
Alpha-bungarotoxin
Botulinum toxin cleaves SNARE proteins preventing ACh vesicle release. Tetanospasmin blocks inhibitory neurons. Curare and alpha-bungarotoxin block receptors. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botulinum_toxin
In Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which cellular structure is disrupted?
Sarcomere Z-disc
Sarcolemma receptors
Dystrophin - glycoprotein complex
Mitochondrial membrane
Loss of dystrophin destabilizes the complex linking cytoskeleton to extracellular matrix, causing fiber damage. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duchenne_muscular_dystrophy
Which factor most directly affects the speed of muscle fiber contraction?
Actin filament length
Tropomyosin concentration
Sarcoplasmic reticulum volume
Myosin ATPase activity
Myosin ATPase rate determines cross-bridge cycling speed and thus contraction velocity. Other factors are secondary. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_contraction#Cross-bridge_cycle
Which microRNA (miR) is known to regulate myogenesis by targeting Pax7 mRNA?
miR-1
miR-21
miR-133
miR-206
miR-1 binds Pax7 mRNA reducing its translation to promote differentiation. miR-133 and miR-206 have other targets. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2826508/
Which signaling molecule released by macrophages promotes muscle regeneration?
IFN-?
TNF-?
IL-6
IL-10
IL-6 secreted by macrophages stimulates satellite cell proliferation in injured muscle. TNF-? and IFN-? are more inflammatory, and IL-10 is anti-inflammatory. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5094280/
Which mutation in the ryanodine receptor causes malignant hyperthermia susceptibility?
CASQ1 mutation
RYR1 gene mutation
DHPR mutation
TRPC3 mutation
Variants in RYR1 alter calcium release causing malignant hyperthermia under certain anesthetics. Mutations in other genes have lesser roles. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1138/
Which post-translational modification of titin contributes to passive muscle stiffness?
Glycosylation
Ubiquitination
Acetylation
Phosphorylation
Phosphorylation of titin modulates its elasticity and passive stiffness. Other modifications regulate different protein functions. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2795846/
In the context of Duchenne muscular dystrophy therapy, what is the mechanism of exon skipping using antisense oligonucleotides?
Skips faulty exon to restore reading frame
Blocks translation completely
Promotes exon inclusion
Degrades mRNA via RNAi
Antisense oligonucleotides bind pre-mRNA to skip mutated exons and restore the dystrophin reading frame. They do not degrade mRNA or block translation entirely. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4002323/
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Study Outcomes

  1. Identify muscular tissue types -

    Recognize the three primary muscle tissue categories - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth - and their locations in the body.

  2. Differentiate muscle fiber characteristics -

    Distinguish between type I and type II fibers based on structure, function, and energy metabolism.

  3. Explain contraction mechanics -

    Describe the sliding filament theory and the roles of actin, myosin, and ATP in muscle contraction.

  4. Apply anatomical terminology -

    Use correct anatomical and physiological terms when answering muscle tissue questions in the quiz.

  5. Analyze muscle system functions -

    Interpret how different muscle types contribute to movement, posture, and involuntary actions.

  6. Evaluate quiz performance -

    Assess your understanding of muscular tissue concepts and identify areas for further study.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Muscle Tissue Types -

    Review the three main muscle tissue types - skeletal, cardiac, and smooth - and their distinct structures and functions. A handy mnemonic, "SCS," can help you remember: Skeletal moves the body, Cardiac pumps the heart, Smooth lines organs. Understanding these classifications is essential for acing your muscular tissue quiz.

  2. Sliding Filament Theory -

    Focus on how actin and myosin filaments interact during contraction, powered by the cross-bridge cycle. Remember the four steps: attachment, power stroke, detachment, and re-cocking, all driven by ATP hydrolysis (ATP → ADP + Pi). Visualize the sarcomere shortening when filaments slide past one another to cement the concept.

  3. Muscle Fiber Types -

    Differentiate fast-twitch (Type IIa/IIb) and slow-twitch (Type I) fibers in terms of speed, fatigue resistance, and metabolic pathways. For instance, Type I fibers are rich in mitochondria for endurance, whereas Type IIb rely on glycolysis for rapid bursts. Charting their properties side-by-side can simplify recall during a muscle tissue test.

  4. Neuromuscular Junction Mechanics -

    Examine the sequence: motor neuron releases acetylcholine, ACh binds to receptors, muscle fiber depolarizes, and an action potential triggers contraction. A simple mnemonic is "See ACh and CEe" (Calcium Entry prior to Excitation-Contraction coupling). Grasping this pathway is key for muscle tissue questions on synaptic transmission.

  5. Energy Systems in Muscles -

    Memorize the three ATP-generating systems: phosphagen (creatine phosphate), anaerobic glycolysis, and aerobic respiration. Use the formula PCr + ADP → ATP + Cr for the phosphagen system, and note that glycolysis yields lactate under anaerobic conditions. This trio of pathways forms the metabolic backbone of the muscular system quiz.

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