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Quizzes > History > Wars & Historic Events

APUSH Chapter 30 & 31 Quiz: Test Your WWI History Skills

Take the APUSH Ch 31 and Chapter 30 quiz now - test your WWI history knowledge!

Difficulty: Moderate
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Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
paper art of WWI diplomacy icons conscription helmet suffrage banner on sky blue background for APUSH Ch 30-31 quiz

Ready to master apush ch 30 and apush ch 31 with confidence? This free apush ch 30 - 31 quiz is designed to challenge your understanding of WWI diplomacy, conscription, women's impact, and America's evolving role overseas. Not only will you put your knowledge of apush chapter 30 quiz topics to the test, but you'll also tackle apush chapter 31 quiz questions for a comprehensive review. For deeper context, explore world war 1 questions and take our quiz about ww1 to sharpen your perspective. Whether you're prepping for finals or aiming to ace that unit test, this wwi us involvement quiz is your ticket to success - dive in now!

In what year did the United States officially enter World War I?
1918
1917
1915
1914
The United States declared war on Germany on April 6, 1917, after repeated U-boat attacks on American vessels and the revelation of the Zimmerman Telegram. Prior to that, the U.S. had maintained a policy of neutrality. The American Expeditionary Forces began arriving in significant numbers later that year, tipping the balance in favor of the Allies.
Who was President of the United States during World War I?
Woodrow Wilson
Theodore Roosevelt
Franklin D. Roosevelt
William Howard Taft
Woodrow Wilson served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921, guiding the nation through World War I. He proposed the Fourteen Points peace plan and spearheaded the creation of the League of Nations. His leadership defined American foreign policy during and immediately after the war.
What legislation instituted conscription in the United States during WWI?
Selective Service Act of 1917
National Defense Act of 1916
Espionage Act of 1917
Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917
The Selective Service Act, passed in May 1917, authorized the federal government to raise a national army through conscription. It required all men aged 21 to 30 (later expanded to 18 - 45) to register for the draft. This act provided the manpower needed for the American Expeditionary Forces in Europe.
Which government body was created by Wilson to promote pro-war propaganda?
War Industries Board
Council of National Defense
Committee on Public Information
Food Administration
The Committee on Public Information (CPI), led by George Creel, was established in April 1917 to generate support for the war through newspapers, posters, and speeches. It mobilized symbols like Uncle Sam and used film and pamphlets to spread pro-Allied messages. The CPI played a crucial role in shaping American public opinion.
What was the main objective of President Wilson's Fourteen Points?
To justify U.S. entry into the war
To expand colonial empires
To impose heavy reparations on Germany
To outline a basis for a just and lasting peace
Wilson's Fourteen Points, presented in January 1918, proposed principles such as open diplomacy, freedom of the seas, disarmament, and self-determination. The aim was to prevent future conflicts by addressing root causes of war. They served as a framework at the Paris Peace Conference, though many were compromised.
What was the purpose of the Zimmerman Telegram?
Sought to negotiate peace with Russia
Proposed a German-Mexican alliance against the U.S.
Asked Japan to join the Central Powers
Proposed demilitarization of Mexico
The Zimmerman Telegram was a secret 1917 message from German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann to Mexico proposing an alliance if the U.S. entered the war. British intelligence intercepted and decoded it, and its publication outraged Americans. This helped shift public opinion toward supporting entry into WWI.
Which amendment to the Constitution granted American women the right to vote?
20th Amendment
18th Amendment
17th Amendment
19th Amendment
Ratified in August 1920, the 19th Amendment prohibited denying the right to vote based on sex. Women's significant contributions to the war effort strengthened the suffrage argument. The National American Woman Suffrage Association actively supported Wilson by backing his policies during the war.
What did the Espionage Act of 1917 primarily criminalize?
Prohibition of alcohol production
Price-fixing in wartime industries
Unauthorized sale of government bonds
Interference with the draft and military recruitment
The Espionage Act made it illegal to obstruct military recruitment or the draft, and to support U.S. enemies during wartime. It allowed the postmaster general to remove seditious materials from the mail. This act set the stage for further restrictions on dissent, including the Sedition Act of 1918.
Which agency, led by Herbert Hoover, was responsible for stabilizing food supplies during WWI?
War Industries Board
Fuel Administration
National War Labor Board
Food Administration
Herbert Hoover headed the U.S. Food Administration, promoting voluntary rationing, 'Meatless Mondays' and 'Wheatless Wednesdays.' He coordinated agricultural production and distribution to support the Allies and domestic needs. His leadership helped prevent shortages and price spikes.
Where did the main negotiations of the Treaty of Versailles take place?
Berlin Conference
Paris Peace Conference
Geneva Conference
Potsdam Conference
The Paris Peace Conference convened in January 1919 in Paris and its suburbs, including Versailles, to negotiate postwar settlements. Leaders like Wilson, Clemenceau, Lloyd George, and Orlando were chief participants. The Treaty of Versailles was signed in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles on June 28, 1919.
Which U.S. senator was the main voice against ratifying the Treaty of Versailles?
Hiram Johnson
Henry Cabot Lodge
Robert La Follette
William Borah
Senator Henry Cabot Lodge led opposition to the Treaty of Versailles, objecting especially to Article 10's collective security obligations. He drafted a series of 'reservations' to modify the treaty before ratification. His leadership in the Senate Foreign Relations Committee effectively blocked U.S. entry into the League.
Which nation was explicitly excluded from the League of Nations at its founding?
France
United Kingdom
Germany
United States
At its founding in 1920, the League of Nations excluded the defeated Central Powers, including Germany, and Soviet Russia. This exclusion was meant to penalize wartime aggression. Germany was admitted later in 1926 after accepting the Covenant.
Which phrase best describes President Wilson's vision of ending WWI without harsh penalties?
Balance of power
War to end all wars
Peace without victory
New world order
In a January 1917 speech, Wilson called for 'peace without victory,' arguing that a punitive peace would sow seeds of future conflict. He believed only a fair settlement could ensure lasting peace. This idealistic view shaped his Fourteen Points proposal.
What was the purpose of the Council of National Defense during WWI?
To manage foreign diplomacy
To coordinate the mobilization of industrial and agricultural resources
To regulate wartime censorship
To conduct espionage abroad
Established in August 1916, the Council of National Defense planned and coordinated resources needed for national security. It brought together industry, labor, agriculture, and transportation leaders. Though overshadowed later by specialized agencies, it laid groundwork for wartime mobilization.
What was the Great Migration during WWI?
The influx of European immigrants to the U.S.
The deployment of U.S. troops to Europe
The movement of African Americans from the rural South to Northern cities
The relocation of women into wartime factories
From 1916 to 1919, more than 400,000 African Americans moved northward to fill industrial labor shortages. This demographic shift transformed urban demographics and strained housing and public services. It also sparked racial tensions and laid groundwork for the Harlem Renaissance.
Which Supreme Court case upheld convictions under the Espionage Act and introduced the "clear and present danger" test?
Whitney v. California
Schenck v. United States
Abrams v. United States
Debs v. United States
In Schenck v. United States (1919), Justice Holmes ruled that free speech could be restricted if it posed a clear and present danger to national security. Charles Schenck's distribution of anti-draft pamphlets led to his conviction under the Espionage Act. This case set a precedent for balancing civil liberties and security.
Which volunteer organization played a major role in providing medical support and training during WWI?
Boy Scouts of America
American Red Cross
YMCA
Salvation Army
The American Red Cross expanded dramatically during WWI, training nurses, staffing hospitals, and setting up canteens for troops. Under Clara Barton's legacy, the organization coordinated civilian volunteers. Its services were vital both at home and abroad.
What was the "war-guilt clause" in the Treaty of Versailles?
Article 160, which limited German armaments
Article 19, which created the reparations commission
Article 231, which assigned sole responsibility for the war to Germany
Article 10, which called for collective security
Article 231, commonly called the war-guilt clause, declared Germany and its allies responsible for causing the war. It provided the moral basis for reparations. Germans found it deeply humiliating and it fueled resentment in the interwar period.
Which agency was established in 1918 to settle labor disputes and prevent strikes in war industries?
Council of National Defense
National War Labor Board
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
War Industries Board
The National War Labor Board (NWLB), created in April 1918, mediated labor disputes to ensure smooth production of war materials. It pressured employers to grant concessions like the eight-hour day and equal pay for women. Its interventions reduced strikes and boosted morale.
Who led the War Industries Board and oversaw industrial production for the U.S. war effort?
William McAdoo
Samuel Gompers
Bernard Baruch
Herbert Hoover
Bernard Baruch, a Wall Street financier, chaired the War Industries Board from late 1918 and coordinated the production and distribution of materials. He prioritized efficiency and allocated raw materials based on military needs. His leadership marked a high point in federal economic planning.
In Wilson's Fourteen Points, what principle addressed colonial territories?
Imposition of indemnity payments
Self-determination of peoples
Naval disarmament
Open banking practices
Point five of the Fourteen Points advocated fair adjustment of colonial claims with an emphasis on the interests of the colonized populations. Wilson endorsed self-determination, allowing peoples to choose their own governments. This principle challenged traditional imperialism.
The 369th Infantry Regiment, known as the "Harlem Hellfighters," gained distinction serving under which army?
French Army
Italian Army
British Army
U.S. Army exclusively
Racial prejudice in the U.S. Army led the 369th to be assigned to the French Army, where they were integrated into frontline units. They spent more time in combat than any other American unit and earned high honors from France. Their service challenged stereotypes about African American soldiers.
Which organization was founded in 1920 partly in response to wartime civil liberties abuses like those under the Sedition Act?
American Civil Liberties Union
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Southern Poverty Law Center
Veterans of Foreign Wars
The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) was founded in 1920 to defend individual rights threatened by wartime legislation like the Espionage and Sedition Acts. It intervened in landmark cases to expand free speech protections. The ACLU remains a leading civil liberties advocate.
What was one major social impact of the Great Migration on Northern cities?
Decline in industrialization
Reduction in labor union membership
Immediate achievement of universal suffrage
Increased racial tensions and riots
The influx of African Americans into Northern cities strained housing and competition for jobs, leading to race riots like the 1919 Chicago Riot. Segregation and discrimination persisted in the North despite greater economic opportunities. These tensions shaped race relations into the 1920s.
Why did the U.S. Senate ultimately reject the Treaty of Versailles?
Anger over the level of reparations imposed on France
Fear that Article 10 obligated the U.S. to defend other nations and infringed on Congressional war powers
Opposition to Germany's expulsion from the League
Disagreement over colonial mandates in Asia
Senators feared Article 10's collective security clause would commit the U.S. to defend League members without Congressional approval. This raised constitutional concerns over war declarations. Despite Wilson's campaign, the Senate failed to ratify both the original treaty and subsequent reservationist versions.
Which group of U.S. senators were called "reservationists" regarding the Treaty of Versailles?
Those who would ratify only with specific modifications
Those who opposed any League membership
Those concerned only about reparations
Those who supported unconditional ratification
Reservationists, led by Henry Cabot Lodge, sought to attach amendments to the League Covenant, particularly limiting Article 10 obligations. They were willing to ratify the treaty with these changes. Wilson refused to accept these reservations, leading to failure of ratification.
What system established by the Treaty of Versailles placed former German colonies under the supervision of the League of Nations?
Mandate System
Collective Security Pact
Geneva Protocol
Reparations Commission
Article 22 of the Treaty created the Mandate System, classifying former German and Ottoman territories as mandates to be governed by advanced nations until deemed capable of self-rule. This system extended League influence and justified continued colonial oversight. It shaped the modern Middle East and Africa.
Which faction of senators, known as "irreconcilables," opposed the Treaty of Versailles under any circumstances?
The group opposing U.S. participation in any international organization
Republicans concerned only with reparations
Democrats who supported Wilson unconditionally
Those seeking modifications before ratification
The irreconcilables were a bipartisan group of Senators determined never to accept U.S. membership in the League of Nations, regardless of reservations or amendments. They argued it would entangle America in unwanted foreign commitments. Their stance ensured the treaty's defeat.
Which Supreme Court decision in 1919 upheld Sedition Act convictions and limited free speech beyond direct threats during wartime?
Debs v. United States
Abrams v. United States
Whitney v. California
Schenck v. United States
In Abrams v. United States (1919), the Court upheld convictions of individuals distributing leaflets critical of U.S. intervention in Russia under the Sedition Act. The ruling broadened wartime restrictions on dissent. Justice Holmes' dissent argued for a 'marketplace of ideas' approach, influencing later First Amendment doctrine.
What financial campaign raised over $20 billion through public loans to finance the U.S. war effort in WWI?
Liberty Loan drives
Victory Bonds
War Savings Certificates
Defense Stamps Program
The U.S. government launched four Liberty Loan drives between 1917 and 1919, selling war bonds to citizens to finance military expenditures. Over $20 billion was raised through patriotic appeals and celebrity endorsements. This large-scale public financing helped avoid excessive taxation.
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Study Outcomes

  1. Analyze WWI Diplomacy -

    Understand key diplomatic decisions from apush ch 30, including Wilson's Fourteen Points and the Treaty of Versailles, and evaluate their global impact on the postwar order.

  2. Evaluate Military Conscription -

    Assess the Selective Service Act and other conscription measures covered in apush ch 30 and apush ch 31, examining how they shaped American military capacity and public sentiment.

  3. Assess Women's Roles on the Home Front -

    Examine how women's labor, activism, and social contributions during WWI influenced both the war effort and future gender dynamics, drawing on apush chapter 30 quiz topics.

  4. Interpret US Involvement Factors -

    Apply critical thinking to trace the political, economic, and ideological causes of US entry into WWI and solidify your grasp with the wwi us involvement quiz questions.

  5. Compare Postwar Social Shifts -

    Analyze the social and political developments in apush ch 31, from the Red Scare to debates over the League of Nations, and understand their long-term effects on American society.

  6. Test Knowledge Interactively -

    Use the apush chapter 30 quiz and apush chapter 31 quiz to identify strengths and gaps in your understanding, ensuring you're fully prepared for exam day.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Wilson's Fourteen Points and League of Nations Debate -

    Study President Wilson's Fourteen Points, especially the mantra "open diplomacy" and self-determination principles that shaped postwar talks. Recall why the U.S. Senate refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles - fear of Article X dragged America into unwanted conflicts. This foundation is a must-know for your apush ch 30 review and any wwi us involvement quiz.

  2. Selective Service Act of 1917 and Conscription Mechanics -

    Memorize the Selective Service Act's draft lottery system, where men drew numbers based on birth dates to ensure fairness. Note that over 2.8 million Americans were drafted by 1918, illustrating the scale of mobilization. This fact is key for acing questions in your apush chapter 30 quiz on military conscription.

  3. War Industries Board & Committee on Public Information -

    Review how the War Industries Board centralized production by allocating raw materials and setting prices, a precursor to New Deal agencies. Pair this with the CPI's "Four-Minute Men" campaign, which delivered prowar speeches nationwide in under four minutes. Linking these two entities helps solidify the concept of government-business-media coordination during WWI.

  4. Women's Expanded Roles and the 19th Amendment -

    Remember how women filled factory, railroad, and agricultural jobs via the slogan "Rosie Kept the Home Fires Burning." Their wartime contributions fueled momentum for the 19th Amendment in 1920, granting women nationwide suffrage. This connection is vital for understanding social shifts tested in both apush ch 30 and apush ch 31 quizzes.

  5. Espionage & Sedition Acts: Wartime Civil Liberties -

    Examine how the 1917 Espionage Act and the 1918 Sedition Act curtailed speech, leading to landmark Supreme Court rulings like Schenck v. United States. Use the "clear and present danger" mnemonic to remember Holmes's dissent in free-speech cases. Although apush chapter 31 shifts to postwar trends, linking these acts to the Red Scare helps you master continuity questions on your apush chapter 31 quiz.

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