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Quizzes > Health & Medicine > Diseases & Conditions

Coronary Artery Disease & Hypertension NCLEX Quiz - Ready to Ace It?

Think you can ace these NCLEX questions on coronary artery disease? Dive in!

Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art illustration showing stethoscope heart arteries blood pressure gauge golden yellow background quiz theme

Ready to tackle coronary artery disease nclex questions and elevate your NCLEX prep? Jump into our free Coronary Artery Disease NCLEX Quiz with 10 targeted items covering CAD, hypertension, and critical cardiac physiology. Whether you're practicing nclex questions on coronary artery disease or brushing up on hypertension NCLEX questions, this cardiovascular system nclex quiz delivers instant feedback to reinforce core concepts. Designed for nursing students eager to master cardiac NCLEX questions, this focused quiz will boost your confidence and fine-tune your test-taking strategy. Ready to prove your expertise? Start now and ace your exam!

What is the primary pathological process underlying coronary artery disease?
Atherosclerosis leading to plaque buildup in coronary arteries
Autoimmune inflammation of the myocardium
Acute bacterial infection of arterial walls
Coronary artery vasospasm
Coronary artery disease primarily results from atherosclerosis, where fatty plaques accumulate and narrow the coronary vessels, reducing blood flow. Over time, these plaques can rupture and trigger thrombosis, worsening ischemia. Understanding this mechanism is essential for prevention and treatment strategies. Learn more
Which risk factor is most strongly associated with both hypertension and coronary artery disease?
Diabetes mellitus
Regular aerobic exercise
High HDL cholesterol
Moderate alcohol consumption
Diabetes mellitus accelerates atherosclerosis and impairs vascular function, significantly raising the risk of hypertension and coronary artery disease. Hyperglycemia damages vessel walls and promotes plaque formation. Managing blood glucose reduces cardiovascular complications. Learn more
Which lipid profile finding is considered most protective against coronary artery disease?
High HDL cholesterol
High LDL cholesterol
High very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)
Elevated triglycerides
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is known as 'good' cholesterol because it transports excess cholesterol from the arteries to the liver for excretion. Elevated HDL levels correlate with reduced risk of atherosclerosis and coronary events. Lifestyle modifications like exercise can raise HDL. Learn more
A patient with stable angina typically experiences chest discomfort under which of the following conditions?
Only while at complete rest
During physical exertion or emotional stress
Immediately after eating a light meal
Exclusively at night during sleep
Stable angina is characterized by predictable chest pain triggered by increased myocardial oxygen demand, such as exercise or stress. The pain typically subsides with rest or nitroglycerin. Recognizing the pattern helps distinguish stable from unstable angina. Learn more
A beta-blocker is prescribed to a patient post-myocardial infarction. What is the primary therapeutic effect of this drug in coronary artery disease?
Direct dilation of coronary arteries
Reduction of heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand
Increase in myocardial contractility
Dissolution of coronary thrombi
Beta-blockers block adrenergic stimulation, reducing heart rate and contractility, which lowers myocardial oxygen consumption and protects the heart post-infarction. They also help prevent arrhythmias. This is a cornerstone of post-MI management. Learn more
In the initial management of acute coronary syndrome, what does the 'M' in MONA represent?
Metoprolol to decrease heart rate
Metabolic monitoring of electrolytes
Magnesium to prevent arrhythmias
Morphine to relieve pain and reduce anxiety
In MONA (Morphine, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin, Aspirin), morphine is administered for severe chest pain and anxiety relief in acute coronary syndrome. It also reduces preload by vasodilation, decreasing myocardial workload. Learn more
Which diagnostic marker is most specific for myocardial infarction when elevated?
Creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB)
Myoglobin
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)
Troponin I
Cardiac troponins, especially Troponin I, are highly specific and sensitive markers for myocardial cell injury. They rise within a few hours after infarction and remain elevated longer than CK-MB, making them ideal for both early and late detection. Learn more
A patient with hypertension is prescribed an ACE inhibitor. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor?
Hyperglycemia leading to polydipsia
Tinnitus and hearing loss
Severe peripheral edema
Development of a persistent dry cough
ACE inhibitors commonly cause a dry, persistent cough due to accumulation of bradykinin in the lungs. This side effect may necessitate switching to an angiotensin receptor blocker. Monitoring patient comfort and adherence is critical. Learn more
On a 12-lead ECG, which finding indicates a transmural myocardial infarction?
Prolonged QRS duration
T-wave inversion alone
ST-segment elevation in contiguous leads
PR-segment depression
ST-segment elevation in two or more contiguous leads is diagnostic of a transmural (full-thickness) myocardial infarction. This change reflects acute injury to the myocardial tissue. Prompt recognition leads to emergent reperfusion therapy. Learn more
Which medication class is first-line for reducing LDL cholesterol in a patient with coronary artery disease?
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins)
Fibrates
Niacin (vitamin B3)
Bile acid sequestrants
Statins inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, decreasing cholesterol synthesis and upregulating LDL receptors, which lowers circulating LDL. They are proven to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Lifestyle changes complement pharmacotherapy. Learn more
Post-coronary artery bypass graft surgery, which nursing intervention is a priority?
Ensure chest tube patency and monitor drainage
Encourage a high-fat, high-protein diet
Limit all intravenous fluids
Administer thrombolytic therapy
After CABG surgery, maintaining chest tube patency prevents mediastinal tamponade from accumulating blood and fluids. Continuous monitoring of drainage volume and characteristics is crucial for early detection of bleeding. Other interventions focus on hemodynamic stability and pain management. Learn more
In cardiogenic shock following myocardial infarction, which hemodynamic parameter is typically decreased?
Heart rate
Central venous pressure
Systemic vascular resistance
Cardiac output
Cardiogenic shock results from severely impaired ventricular function, which reduces cardiac output and leads to hypotension and organ hypoperfusion. Systemic vascular resistance often increases as a compensatory mechanism. Early recognition and support are vital. Learn more
In hypertension pathophysiology, overactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system leads to which of the following?
Widespread vasodilation lowering blood pressure
Increased sodium and water retention elevating blood volume
Reduction in blood volume via diuresis
Bradycardia due to baroreceptor activation
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) raises blood pressure by promoting vasoconstriction (via angiotensin II) and sodium/water retention (via aldosterone). Chronic overactivation contributes to sustained hypertension and end-organ damage. RAAS inhibitors help control blood pressure. Learn more
A patient on an intra-aortic balloon pump is monitored for which expected change in afterload?
Increased afterload during systole
Unpredictable fluctuations in afterload
No change in afterload throughout cardiac cycle
Decreased afterload during systole
An intra-aortic balloon pump inflates during diastole to augment coronary perfusion and deflates just before systole, reducing left ventricular afterload and decreasing myocardial oxygen demand. This hemodynamic support benefits patients in cardiogenic shock. Learn more
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Study Outcomes

  1. Understand Coronary Artery Disease Pathophysiology -

    Recognize the underlying mechanisms and risk factors of CAD to answer coronary artery disease NCLEX questions with confidence.

  2. Analyze Hypertension Management Principles -

    Interpret blood pressure readings and pharmacologic interventions to tackle hypertension NCLEX questions effectively.

  3. Apply Clinical Decision-Making Strategies -

    Use evidence-based reasoning and NCLEX test-taking tips to select appropriate interventions in cardiovascular system NCLEX quiz scenarios.

  4. Differentiate Cardiac Medication Effects -

    Distinguish between common cardiac drug classes and their side effects to support accurate answers on cardiac NCLEX questions.

  5. Identify Priority Nursing Interventions -

    Pinpoint immediate actions and safety measures in patient care situations involving CAD and hypertension.

  6. Evaluate Patient Responses and Complications -

    Assess clinical outcomes and potential complications to refine your accuracy and speed under timed NCLEX quiz conditions.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Atherosclerosis and CAD Pathophysiology -

    Review how plaque builds up in coronary arteries via LDL cholesterol infiltration and chronic inflammation, as outlined by the American Heart Association. Use the mnemonic "SOAP" (Smoking, Obesity, Age, Polygenic predisposition) to recall major risk factors that contribute to arterial narrowing and decreased perfusion. Understanding this process underpins many coronary artery disease NCLEX questions on pathophysiology and risk reduction.

  2. Angina Classification and Symptoms -

    Differentiating stable, unstable, and variant (Prinzmetal's) angina is crucial: stable angina is exertional and predictable, unstable angina occurs at rest, and variant angina stems from coronary vasospasm. Remember: "SUD" mnemonic - Stable, Unstable, and Vasospastic - to quickly identify types during cardiovascular system NCLEX quiz questions. Accurate recognition guides timely interventions and monitoring priorities in cardiac NCLEX questions.

  3. Diagnostic Markers and ECG Changes -

    Memorize that troponin I levels rise within 3 - 4 hours of myocardial injury and remain elevated up to 7 - 10 days, making it the gold standard for MI diagnosis per ACC guidelines. Correlate with ECG findings: ST-segment elevations signal STEMI, while ST depressions or T-wave inversions suggest NSTEMI or ischemia. This integration is vital for nclex questions on coronary artery disease diagnostics.

  4. Pharmacological Management: MONA and Beyond -

    Apply the "MONA BASH" mnemonic for acute MI care - Morphine, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin, Aspirin, Beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, Statins, and Heparin - endorsed by AHA protocols. Understand dosing and nursing considerations: e.g., nitroglycerin sublingual may be given every 5 minutes up to three doses if systolic BP >90 mmHg. This framework supports high-yield hypertension NCLEX questions and cardiac NCLEX questions on medication safety.

  5. Lifestyle Modifications and Secondary Prevention -

    Review the DASH diet's emphasis on fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy to lower systolic BP by up to 11 mmHg, supported by NHLBI research. Encourage at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise weekly and smoking cessation to reduce recurrent coronary events. These evidence-based strategies are common in hypertension NCLEX questions and reinforce holistic cardiac care principles.

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