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Quizzes > Science > Physics

Energy and Forces Unit Test Quiz - Ready to Ace It?

Think you can master this energy and force quiz? Dive in and put your physics skills to the test!

Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art illustration for Energy and Forces Unit Test quiz on teal background

Ready to conquer the energy and forces unit test? Dive into our free science quiz designed to sharpen your understanding of energy, force, and motion concepts with fun challenges. In this energy and force quiz, you'll tackle engaging force and energy questions that reinforce core ideas like kinetic and potential energy, Newton's laws, and friction. Whether you're prepping for an elementary science energy quiz or gearing up for a thorough physics energy forces assessment, this challenge is perfect for budding scientists. Explore our motion practice and try our friction quiz to level up your skills. Let's get started - test your knowledge now!

What is the SI unit of force?
Newton
Joule
Watt
Pascal
The SI unit of force is the newton (N), defined as kg·m/s². This unit honors Sir Isaac Newton for his work on motion laws. It measures the amount of force needed to accelerate 1 kg by 1 m/s². More info
Which of the following is a scalar quantity?
Displacement
Force
Speed
Acceleration
A scalar quantity has only magnitude and no direction, and speed fits this definition. Displacement and acceleration are vector quantities because they include direction. Force is also a vector since it has both magnitude and direction. Learn more
What is the relationship between mass and weight on Earth?
Weight = mass × gravitational acceleration
Mass = weight × gravitational acceleration
Weight = mass² × g
Mass = weight² / g
Weight is the force due to gravity and equals mass multiplied by gravitational acceleration (approximately 9.8 m/s² on Earth). Mass is a measure of the amount of matter and is independent of gravity. This relationship yields weight in newtons. Further reading
According to Newton's First Law, an object in motion stays in motion unless what?
Its speed reaches zero naturally
An external force acts on it
Its mass changes
Its temperature changes
Newton's First Law states that objects maintain their state of motion unless acted upon by an external net force. Inertia is the property that resists changes in motion. Without net external forces, velocity remains constant. Source
Which force opposes motion between two surfaces in contact?
Gravitational force
Normal force
Frictional force
Tension force
Friction is the resistive force that opposes the relative motion of two surfaces in contact. Its magnitude depends on the nature of the surfaces and the normal force. Friction can be static or kinetic. Read more
What type of energy is due to an object's motion?
Potential energy
Kinetic energy
Thermal energy
Chemical energy
Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses because of its motion, calculated as ½mv². Potential energy is related to position, and thermal and chemical energies arise from molecular or chemical changes. Moving objects always have kinetic energy. Details
What type of energy is stored in a stretched spring?
Chemical energy
Thermal energy
Elastic potential energy
Nuclear energy
A stretched or compressed spring stores elastic potential energy, which is released when the spring returns to its equilibrium length. The amount stored depends on the spring constant and displacement. This is a form of mechanical potential energy. Reference
Work is defined as force multiplied by what?
Mass
Time
Velocity
Distance
Work is the product of the component of force along the displacement and the magnitude of that displacement (W = F·d). It represents energy transfer when a force moves an object. If force and motion are perpendicular, work is zero. Learn more
If a net force of 10?N acts on a 2?kg object, what is its acceleration?
0.2 m/s²
5 m/s²
12 m/s²
20 m/s²
According to Newton's Second Law, acceleration = net force / mass. Here a = 10 N / 2 kg = 5 m/s². This law defines how force produces acceleration. More info
A 5?N force moves an object 3?m; how much work is done?
8 J
15 J
0.6 J
5 J
Work is W = F·d when force and displacement are in the same direction. Here W = 5 N × 3 m = 15 J. This quantifies the energy transferred by the force. Reference
What is the power output if 50?J of work is done in 10?s?
500 W
5 W
0.2 W
50 W
Power is the rate of doing work: P = W/t. Here P = 50 J / 10 s = 5 W. It indicates how quickly work is performed. Learn more
What is the kinetic energy of a 4?kg mass moving at 3?m/s?
12 J
18 J
24 J
36 J
Kinetic energy is ½mv². Substituting m = 4 kg and v = 3 m/s gives KE = 0.5 × 4 × 9 = 18 J. It measures energy due to motion. Details
What is the gravitational potential energy of a 2?kg mass lifted 5?m (g = 9.8?m/s²)?
9.8 J
49 J
98 J
196 J
Gravitational potential energy is mgh. Here U = 2 kg × 9.8 m/s² × 5 m = 98 J. It represents stored energy due to height in a gravitational field. More info
Which law states that for every action there's an equal and opposite reaction?
Newton's First Law
Newton's Second Law
Newton's Third Law
Law of Conservation of Energy
Newton's Third Law states that forces always occur in equal and opposite pairs. When one body exerts a force on another, the second exerts an equal and opposite force back. This principle underlies many interactions. Reference
What is the momentum of a 3?kg object moving at 4?m/s?
7 kg·m/s
12 kg·m/s
16 kg·m/s
48 kg·m/s
Momentum is p = m·v, so p = 3 kg × 4 m/s = 12 kg·m/s. It's a vector quantity in the direction of motion. Momentum conservation principles rely on this definition. Learn more
In an elastic collision, which quantity is conserved along with momentum?
Kinetic energy
Thermal energy
Mass
Force
Elastic collisions conserve both momentum and kinetic energy. No kinetic energy is converted into other forms during the collision. This contrasts with inelastic collisions where some kinetic energy is lost. More details
A 0.5?kg object is moving at 10?m/s; what constant force is needed to stop it in 2?s?
2.5?N
5?N
10?N
25?N
To stop in 2?s, acceleration a = ?v/?t = -10?m/s ÷ 2?s = -5?m/s². Force = ma = 0.5?kg × (-5?m/s²) = -2.5?N, so a 2.5?N force opposite motion is required. This uses Newton's Second Law. Reference
A block slides down a frictionless incline of height h; what is its speed at the bottom?
?(gh)
?(2gh)
?(gh/2)
2gh
Mechanical energy conservation gives mgh = ½mv², so v = ?(2gh). Frictionless implies no energy loss. The mass cancels out, so speed depends only on height. More info
A machine does 200?J of useful work while expending 250?J of energy; what is its efficiency?
75%
80%
125%
200%
Efficiency = (useful output energy / input energy) × 100% = (200?J / 250?J) × 100% = 80%. Efficiency cannot exceed 100% in real machines. This metric shows energy conversion effectiveness. Learn more
How much work is done by friction if a 100?N friction force acts over 10?m?
-100?J
-1000?J
100?J
1000?J
Work by friction is W = F × d with force opposite to motion, so W = -100?N × 10?m = -1000?J. Negative work indicates energy removal from the system. Reference
A spring with a constant k = 200?N/m is compressed by 0.1?m; how much energy is stored?
0.1?J
1?J
2?J
10?J
Elastic potential energy in a spring is ½kx². Substituting k = 200?N/m and x = 0.1?m gives U = 0.5 × 200 × 0.01 = 1?J. This energy is stored mechanically in the spring. More info
A 3?kg object moving at 4?m/s collides inelastically and sticks to a 2?kg object at rest. What is their final velocity?
1.2?m/s
2.4?m/s
4?m/s
6?m/s
In an inelastic collision, total momentum is conserved: (3?kg×4?m/s + 2?kg×0) / (3+2) = 12/5 = 2.4?m/s. Some kinetic energy is lost, but momentum is constant. Learn more
Calculate the change in potential energy when compressing a spring from 0.2?m to 0.1?m if k = 400?N/m.
4?J
6?J
8?J
12?J
Potential energy in a spring is U = ½kx². Change ?U = ½k(x?² ? x?²) = 0.5 × 400 × (0.04 ? 0.01) = 200 × 0.03 = 6?J. This is the energy difference stored. Reference
A 1000?kg car traveling at 20?m/s stops over 50?m. What is the average braking force?
2000?N
4000?N
-4000?N
8000?N
The car's initial kinetic energy is ½mv² = 0.5×1000×400 = 200,000?J. Work = F×d, so F = ?(200,000?J / 50?m) = ?4000?N, negative indicating opposing motion. This average force stops the car. More info
Two masses, 5?kg and 3?kg, are connected by a string over a frictionless pulley. What is their acceleration (g = 9.8?m/s²)?
1.23?m/s²
2.45?m/s²
4.90?m/s²
9.80?m/s²
Acceleration a = (m? ? m?)g / (m? + m?) = (5 ? 3)×9.8 / (5+3) = 19.6 / 8 = 2.45?m/s². This uses Newton's Second Law for each mass and accounts for system mass. Reference
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Study Outcomes

  1. Understand energy types -

    Distinguish between kinetic and potential energy, explaining how objects store and release energy during motion.

  2. Identify common forces -

    Recognize and categorize contact and non-contact forces, such as friction, tension, and gravity, in everyday scenarios.

  3. Apply Newton's laws -

    Use Newton's three laws of motion to predict and describe how forces influence an object's behavior.

  4. Calculate work and energy transfer -

    Perform basic calculations to determine work done, energy changes, and efficiency in simple systems.

  5. Analyze force - motion relationships -

    Evaluate how balanced and unbalanced forces affect an object's acceleration and direction of movement.

  6. Assess conceptual mastery -

    Test your understanding through targeted questions, identifying strengths and areas for further review.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Newton's Laws of Motion -

    Review Newton's three laws: inertia, F=ma, and action - reaction, which form the foundation of any energy and forces unit test question. For example, calculating a 5 kg box's acceleration under a 20 N horizontal push uses F=ma (20=5a, so a=4 m/s²). A handy mnemonic is "Inertia For Action": Inertia, Force equals mass times acceleration, Action - reaction.

  2. Work - Energy Theorem -

    Understand that work done on an object equals its change in kinetic energy: W=ΔKE = ½ m (v₂² - v₝²). This links force and energy, such as pushing a 2 kg cart from 3 to 5 m/s requiring W=½×2×(25 - 9)=16 J. Remember "Work Changes Kinetic" to nail this concept on your energy and force quiz.

  3. Potential vs. Kinetic Energy -

    Differentiate gravitational potential energy (PE=mgh) from kinetic energy (KE=½ mv²) when tackling force and energy questions. A 1.5 kg book lifted 2 m gains PE=1.5×9.8×2≈29.4 J before converting to motion. Use the phrase "PE High, KE Low" at top height, then reverse as it falls.

  4. Conservation of Energy Principle -

    In closed systems, total mechanical energy (PE+KE) remains constant, a key rule for energy and forces unit test problems. For instance, a roller coaster descending converts PE at the top entirely into KE at the bottom (minus losses), letting you set mgh=½ mv². Think "Total Energy Stays Steady" to recall this law instantly.

  5. Power and Efficiency -

    Power measures the rate of doing work: P=W/t, crucial for energy and force quiz problems in both elementary science energy quizzes and advanced physics energy forces assessments. If you lift 50 N over 2 m in 4 s, P=(50×2)/4=25 W. For efficiency, compare output to input energy: η=(useful energy out/energy in)×100%.

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