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Dynamic Earth Practice Quiz: Part 1

Master dynamic earth unit test strategies now

Editorial: Review CompletedCreated By: Chris MasonUpdated Aug 23, 2025
Difficulty: Moderate
Grade: Grade 8
Study OutcomesCheat Sheet
Colorful paper art promoting The Dynamic Earth Challenge, a middle school Earth science quiz.

Use this 20-question quiz to review Dynamic Earth Part 1 for the 2.20 unit test in high school earth science. Practice key ideas like Earth's layers, plate motion, earthquakes, volcanoes, and the rock cycle, then see where you need more study. Use it as a quick check before class or while you study.

Which Earth layer is composed mostly of solid iron-nickel and generates no magnetic field itself?
Lower mantle
Lithosphere
Inner core
Outer core
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Seafloor spreading at mid-ocean ridges produces symmetric patterns of magnetic stripes on either side of the ridge.
True
False
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Which boundary type is primarily associated with shallow, frequent earthquakes and lateral motion of plates?
Transform boundary
Divergent boundary
Convergent boundary
Passive margin
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The lithosphere includes the crust and the rigid uppermost mantle that move together as tectonic plates.
True
False
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Which rock type forms from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
Bioclastic
Igneous
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Which dating method determines the numerical age of a rock based on radioactive decay?
Relative dating
Radiometric dating
Index fossil correlation
Cross-cutting relationships
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At divergent boundaries, lithosphere is destroyed faster than it is created.
True
False
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Which evidence most strongly supported seafloor spreading?
Similar fossils on different continents
Symmetric magnetic reversals recorded in oceanic crust
Presence of mountain belts on continents
Fit of South America and Africa
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Elastic rebound theory explains how stress buildup and sudden release along a fault cause earthquakes.
True
False
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Which fault type results from compressional stress?
Strike-slip fault
Reverse fault
Listric fault due to extension
Normal fault
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Which feature marks the boundary between Earth's crust and mantle detectable by seismic velocity change?
Conrad discontinuity
Gutenberg discontinuity
Core-mantle boundary
Moho (Mohorovicic discontinuity)
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Isostatic rebound occurs when the lithosphere sinks after glacial ice is added and does not rise after melting.
True
False
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Which process primarily drives plate motion in modern models?
Continental sail effect
Equatorial centrifugal force
Tidal drag from the Moon
Slab pull and ridge push
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All shield volcanoes erupt highly viscous rhyolitic magma producing explosive eruptions.
True
False
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Which rock sequence best represents the progression of regional metamorphism with increasing grade?
Basalt → andesite → dacite → rhyolite
Slate → phyllite → schist → gneiss
Limestone → marble → granite → gabbro
Breccia → conglomerate → sandstone → shale
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Which best explains why oceanic crust subducts beneath continental crust at convergent margins?
Continental crust is denser due to iron content
Oceanic crust is denser and thinner than continental crust
Continental crust is thinner and colder
Oceanic crust is richer in silica and more buoyant
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Magnetic reversals are recorded in cooling basalt as iron-bearing minerals align with the current magnetic field.
True
False
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Which combination correctly matches magma composition with viscosity and typical eruption style?
Andesitic magma, low viscosity, effusive eruptions only
Ultramafic magma, very high viscosity, explosive eruptions
Basaltic magma, high viscosity, explosive eruptions
Rhyolitic magma, high viscosity, explosive eruptions
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Alluvial fans form where streams exit steep mountain fronts and deposit sediments in the ocean far offshore.
False
True
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Which measurement method is used to determine modern plate motion rates to millimeter precision?
Hand-held compasses
Global Positioning System (GPS) geodesy
Mercalli intensity surveys
Seismogram amplitude only
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Study Outcomes

  1. Understand key geological processes that shape the Earth's surface.
  2. Analyze the role of plate tectonics in forming continents and ocean basins.
  3. Apply observational skills to identify various landforms and geological features.
  4. Evaluate evidence supporting theories of dynamic Earth changes.
  5. Interpret geological maps and diagrams to assess natural processes.

2.20 Unit Test: Dynamic Earth Part 1 Cheat Sheet

  1. Earth's Layers - Earth is a giant onion made of crust, mantle, and core, each boasting unique textures and temperatures. Cracking these layers helps us unravel geological mysteries like volcanic eruptions and plate shifts.
  2. Plate Tectonics Theory - Earth's lithosphere is broken into nimble plates that dance around the globe, crashing, pulling apart, or sliding past each other. Recognizing where these boundaries lie teaches us why earthquakes, volcanoes, and mountain ranges pop up where they do.
  3. Convection Currents - Deep in the mantle, heat-driven currents act like a slow-motion lava lamp, nudging tectonic plates into motion. This engine underpins the Earth's ever-changing surface, fueling continental drift without us even noticing.
  4. Plate Boundaries - Plates can diverge like best friends moving apart or converge like two cars colliding, and they can even slide past each other in a transform dance. Each boundary type creates unique features - from mid-ocean ridges and mountain chains to fault lines ready to rumble.
  5. Earthquakes - When stress overloads rock, it snaps and shakes the ground! The epicenter is our street-level lookout, while the focus hides deep beneath the crust at the quake's birthplace.
  6. Volcanoes - Magma finds its spotlight at convergent borders, divergent splits, and mysterious hotspots, belching lava, ash, and drama. Spotting these volcanic zones helps volcano-watchers predict where eruptions might explode next.
  7. Rock Cycle - Rocks are chameleons, shifting between igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic forms through melting, squishing, and weathering. This epic recycling saga proves Earth's forever in motion.
  8. Seafloor Spreading - Beneath the waves, new crust is born at mid-ocean ridges as plates pull apart and magma fills the gaps. This process is solid proof that the seafloor itself spreads over time.
  9. Subduction Zones - At subduction zones, one plate bows down and dives beneath another, carving deep trenches and igniting volcanic arcs. These dramatic interactions reveal how Earth recycles its crust at gigantic scales.
  10. Continental Drift - Over eons, continents have drifted across the globe like cosmic floaters, fitting like pieces in a supercontinent jigsaw. Alfred Wegener's continental drift theory rocked the scientific world and set the stage for plate tectonics.
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