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Quizzes > Quizzes for Business > Healthcare

Hypertension Management Quiz: Test Your Skills

Assess Your Blood Pressure Management Skills

Difficulty: Moderate
Questions: 20
Learning OutcomesStudy Material
Colorful paper art illustrating a quiz on hypertension management

Curious how well you understand hypertension treatment and blood pressure management? This Hypertension Management Quiz features multiple-choice questions on risk factors, medication strategies, and lifestyle modifications. Ideal for nurses, students, and healthcare professionals, it delivers instant feedback to boost clinical decision-making. All questions can be freely tailored in our editor to match specific learning objectives. Pair it with the Healthcare Management Knowledge Assessment Quiz or browse more quizzes to expand your skills.

Which of the following is a nonmodifiable primary risk factor for developing essential hypertension?
Family history of hypertension
Sedentary lifestyle
High sodium intake
Obesity
A family history of hypertension reflects genetic predisposition and cannot be modified. Lifestyle factors like sedentary behavior, high sodium intake, and obesity are modifiable risk factors.
Which of the following conditions is a common cause of secondary hypertension?
Renal artery stenosis
Smoking
High LDL cholesterol
Chronic stress
Renal artery stenosis leads to reduced renal perfusion and activation of the renin-angiotensin system, causing secondary hypertension. Smoking, high LDL, and stress are risk factors but are not direct causes of secondary hypertension.
What blood pressure reading defines stage 2 hypertension according to standard classification?
Systolic ≥140 mmHg or diastolic ≥90 mmHg
Systolic ≥130 mmHg or diastolic ≥80 mmHg
Systolic ≥160 mmHg or diastolic ≥100 mmHg
Systolic ≥120 mmHg or diastolic ≥80 mmHg
Stage 2 hypertension is defined as systolic pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic pressure ≥90 mmHg. The other thresholds correspond to elevated, stage 1, or more severe hypertension categories.
Which dietary approach has been shown to lower blood pressure effectively through increased fruits and vegetables and low saturated fat?
DASH diet
Ketogenic diet
Carnivore diet
Atkins diet
The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy to reduce blood pressure. Other diets like ketogenic and Atkins do not specifically target blood pressure reduction.
Which class of antihypertensive medications is generally recommended as first-line therapy for uncomplicated hypertension?
Thiazide diuretics
Loop diuretics
Alpha blockers
Direct renin inhibitors
Thiazide diuretics are recommended first-line in many guidelines for uncomplicated hypertension due to proven efficacy and safety. Loop diuretics and direct renin inhibitors are typically reserved for specific indications.
A patient on antihypertensive therapy has an average blood pressure reading of 138/88 mmHg. According to guidelines targeting <140/90 mmHg, how would you classify this patient's blood pressure control?
Controlled
Uncontrolled mild
Stage 1 hypertension
Stage 2 hypertension
Because the patient's blood pressure is below the 140/90 mmHg goal, it is considered controlled. Readings above those thresholds would be classified as stages of uncontrolled hypertension.
What is the primary mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors in lowering blood pressure?
Inhibition of angiotensin I conversion to angiotensin II
Blockade of angiotensin II receptor sites
Stimulation of renin release
Enhanced breakdown of bradykinin
ACE inhibitors block the enzyme that converts angiotensin I to the potent vasoconstrictor angiotensin II, reducing vascular tone and aldosterone secretion. They also increase bradykinin levels, but their primary antihypertensive effect is through angiotensin II reduction.
Which antihypertensive medication is considered safest for blood pressure control in pregnant patients?
Labetalol
Enalapril
Hydrochlorothiazide
Atenolol
Labetalol is a first-line agent for hypertension in pregnancy due to an established safety profile. ACE inhibitors like enalapril are contraindicated due to fetal risk.
In a patient with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which class of medication is preferred to reduce progression of diabetic nephropathy?
ACE inhibitors
Beta blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Alpha blockers
ACE inhibitors reduce intraglomerular pressure and have proven benefits in slowing progression of diabetic nephropathy. Other classes do not offer the same renal protective effects.
According to JNC 8 guidelines, what is recommended initial antihypertensive therapy for a Black patient without chronic kidney disease?
Thiazide diuretic
ACE inhibitor
Beta blocker
Alpha blocker
JNC 8 recommends thiazide diuretics or calcium channel blockers as initial therapy for Black patients without CKD. ACE inhibitors are less effective in this population for initial control.
What is the mechanism of action of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers in hypertension management?
Inhibition of L-type calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle
Blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors
Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme
Stimulation of alpha-2 receptors
Dihydropyridine CCBs inhibit L-type calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle, causing vasodilation and reduced peripheral resistance. They have minimal effects on the heart's conduction system.
Which laboratory finding is most suggestive of primary hyperaldosteronism as a cause of secondary hypertension?
High aldosterone-to-renin ratio (>20)
Elevated cortisol level
High plasma catecholamines
Low aldosterone with high renin
A high aldosterone-to-renin ratio suggests autonomous aldosterone secretion, characteristic of primary hyperaldosteronism. Elevated cortisol or catecholamines point to other endocrine causes.
According to the ACC/AHA 2017 classifications, a blood pressure of 128/78 mmHg falls into which category?
Elevated
Normal
Stage 1 hypertension
Stage 2 hypertension
Elevated blood pressure is defined as systolic 120 - 129 mmHg with diastolic <80 mmHg. Normal is below 120/80, and stage 1 begins at 130/80 mmHg.
Among lifestyle modifications, which is generally associated with the greatest reduction in systolic blood pressure per unit change?
Weight loss
Aerobic exercise
Sodium reduction
Alcohol moderation
Weight loss has the greatest impact on reducing systolic blood pressure, with about a 5 - 20 mmHg drop per 10 kg lost. Other modifications also help but to a lesser extent.
After initiating or adjusting antihypertensive therapy, follow-up blood pressure evaluation is typically recommended after how long?
4 weeks
2 weeks
12 weeks
1 year
Clinical guidelines recommend monthly follow-up (about 4 weeks) to assess efficacy and adjust doses until blood pressure goals are met. Waiting longer delays necessary changes.
A patient remains hypertensive despite adherence to three antihypertensive agents at optimal doses including a thiazide diuretic. What is the most appropriate next step?
Add spironolactone
Increase ACE inhibitor dose
Switch thiazide to a loop diuretic
Add sublingual nitroglycerin
Resistant hypertension often responds to adding a mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist like spironolactone. Adjusting ACE inhibitor dose or switching diuretics is less effective in this context.
ACE inhibitor therapy commonly causes a persistent cough due to accumulation of which substance?
Bradykinin
Histamine
Substance P
Prostaglandin
ACE inhibitors reduce breakdown of bradykinin, leading to its accumulation in the lungs and causing a dry, persistent cough. Other mediators are less implicated in this side effect.
A patient has elevated office blood pressure readings but normal ambulatory readings. What is this phenomenon called?
White-coat hypertension
Masked hypertension
Resistant hypertension
Labile hypertension
White-coat hypertension describes elevated readings in the clinical setting with normal values outside. Masked hypertension is the opposite pattern.
In a patient with chronic kidney disease and albuminuria, which antihypertensive class is most effective at reducing proteinuria beyond blood pressure control?
ACE inhibitors
Beta blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Loop diuretics
ACE inhibitors reduce intraglomerular pressure and have a protective effect on the kidney by reducing proteinuria beyond their blood pressure - lowering action. Other classes lack this specific benefit.
Which antihypertensive drug is most commonly associated with drug-induced lupus erythematosus?
Hydralazine
Losartan
Amlodipine
Metoprolol
Hydralazine is well-known to cause a lupus-like syndrome, especially in slow acetylators. Other antihypertensive classes are not commonly linked to drug-induced lupus.
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Learning Outcomes

  1. Identify primary and secondary hypertension risk factors
  2. Analyze blood pressure readings to determine control status
  3. Apply evidence-based treatment guidelines for hypertension
  4. Evaluate antihypertensive medication options and mechanisms
  5. Demonstrate lifestyle modification strategies to lower blood pressure
  6. Master patient monitoring and follow-up evaluation protocols

Cheat Sheet

  1. Understand the difference between primary and secondary hypertension - Primary hypertension develops gradually over years without a clear cause and accounts for most cases, while secondary hypertension arises from an identifiable condition such as kidney disease or hormonal disorders. Recognizing this distinction is crucial: treating the underlying illness can often resolve secondary hypertension, whereas primary cases rely on long-term lifestyle and medication strategies. Learn more on Wikipedia
  2. Learn to interpret blood pressure readings - Blood pressure is expressed as systolic over diastolic pressure: normal is below 120/80 mmHg, elevated is 120 - 129/less than 80 mmHg, Stage 1 hypertension is 130 - 139/80 - 89 mmHg, and Stage 2 is 140/90 mmHg or higher. Understanding these categories helps you spot early warning signs and take action - like adjusting diet or exercise - before more serious cardiovascular issues develop. Learn more on Wikipedia
  3. Familiarize yourself with the DASH diet - The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and low-fat dairy to lower blood pressure naturally. Studies show it can reduce systolic pressure by up to 11 mmHg in just a few weeks, making it one of the most effective non-pharmacologic treatments. Read more about the DASH diet
  4. Recognize the role of lifestyle modifications - Regular aerobic exercise, weight loss, reduced sodium intake, stress management, and limiting alcohol consumption can significantly reduce blood pressure and complement medications. Even 30 minutes of brisk walking most days can yield noticeable improvements, so building healthy habits is a cornerstone of long-term control. Learn more on Wikipedia
  5. Understand the mechanisms of antihypertensive medications - Diuretics help the body eliminate excess sodium and water, ACE inhibitors block the formation of angiotensin II to relax vessels, and calcium channel blockers prevent calcium from tightening blood vessel walls. Knowing how each class works allows you to anticipate effects and plan combination therapies safely. Read about antihypertensive drugs
  6. Be aware of potential side effects - Diuretics can cause electrolyte imbalances, ACE inhibitors may trigger a persistent cough, and calcium channel blockers sometimes lead to dizziness or swollen ankles. Monitoring for adverse reactions ensures prompt management - whether by dose adjustment or switching to a different class. Learn about side effects
  7. Learn the importance of regular blood pressure monitoring - Consistent home or ambulatory monitoring tracks your response to treatments and helps detect white-coat or masked hypertension. Keeping a log of readings over weeks provides a clear picture of trends, guiding your healthcare team to fine-tune therapy. Learn more on Wikipedia
  8. Understand the significance of patient adherence - Sticking to prescribed medications, diet plans, and exercise routines is vital for sustainable blood pressure control. Educating yourself on why each component matters and using reminders or support groups can boost compliance and long-term success. Read about treatment adherence
  9. Recognize the importance of individualized treatment plans - Factors like age, race, comorbidities, and risk profiles influence which medications and lifestyle changes are most effective. Tailoring therapy to each patient maximizes benefits and minimizes unnecessary side effects. Explore individualized treatment
  10. Be aware of potential drug interactions - Many antihypertensives can interact with NSAIDs, supplements, or other prescription drugs, altering efficacy or increasing side effects. Comprehensive medication reviews and clear communication with your healthcare team help prevent harmful interactions. Learn about drug interactions
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