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Quizzes > Quizzes for Business > Technology

Take the Electronics Fundamentals Knowledge Test

Assess Your Electronic Circuit Basics and Theory

Difficulty: Moderate
Questions: 20
Learning OutcomesStudy Material
Colorful paper art depicting elements related to Electronics Fundamentals Knowledge Test quiz

Ready to power up your skills? Dive into this Electronics Fundamentals Knowledge Test to assess your grasp of circuit theory, component functions, and basic electronics concepts. Ideal for students, hobbyists, and aspiring engineers, this quiz offers targeted questions that sharpen understanding and build confidence. Each question can be easily edited or expanded in our interactive editor to tailor the challenge to your learning goals. For those exploring related topics, the Power and RF Electronics Knowledge Test and Electronics and Micro:bit Basics Quiz await - or jump into more quizzes to continue honing your technical skills.

Which of the following symbols represents a resistor in a schematic diagram?
Pair of parallel lines
Zigzag line
Circle with arrow
Triangle with a line
The zigzag line symbol is universally used to represent a resistor in circuit schematics. It denotes a component that provides resistance to the flow of current. Other symbols correspond to different components.
What is the SI unit of electric current?
Ohm
Volt
Ampere
Coulomb
The ampere is the SI base unit for electric current. It quantifies the flow rate of electric charge. Volts and ohms are units for voltage and resistance respectively.
According to Ohm's law, what is the voltage across a 10 Ω resistor with a current of 2 A?
5 V
20 V
0.2 V
12 V
Ohm's law states V = I à - R, so multiplying current by resistance gives voltage. Here, 10 Ω multiplied by 2 A equals 20 V. This law defines the linear relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.
In a series circuit containing resistors, which of the following is true about the current through each resistor?
The current splits according to resistance
The current doubles after each resistor
The current is zero
The current is the same through all resistors
In a series circuit, all components share the same current because there is only one path for charge flow. Therefore, each resistor passes the identical current value. Current splitting only occurs in parallel circuits.
What is the total resistance of three resistors of 2 Ω, 3 Ω, and 5 Ω connected in series?
10 Ω
0.77 Ω
1.17 Ω
15 Ω
Resistors in series add directly, so the total resistance is the sum of individual resistances. Adding 2 Ω, 3 Ω, and 5 Ω yields a total of 10 Ω. This simple rule applies to any number of series resistors.
According to Kirchhoff's current law (KCL), the sum of currents entering a junction equals what?
The sum of voltages around a loop
Sum of resistances at the junction
The sum of currents leaving the junction
Zero
Kirchhoff's current law asserts that currents entering a node equal currents leaving it. This reflects conservation of charge at electrical junctions. No current accumulates at the node in steady state.
In a voltage divider with R1 = 1 kΩ and R2 = 2 kΩ powered by 12 V, what is the voltage across R2?
8 V
4 V
6 V
2 V
A voltage divider splits input voltage in proportion to resistor values. With 1 kΩ and 2 kΩ, the drop across R2 is 12 V à - (2 kΩ / (1 kΩ + 2 kΩ)) = 8 V. This principle is widely used to obtain reference voltages.
What is the equivalent resistance of two resistors, 6 Ω and 3 Ω, connected in parallel?
2 Ω
1.5 Ω
9 Ω
4.5 Ω
The equivalent of parallel resistors is found by summing reciprocal resistances. For 6 Ω and 3 Ω, 1/Req = 1/6 + 1/3 = 0.5, giving Req = 2 Ω. Parallel connections always result in a resistance lower than the smallest individual resistor.
Which symbol in a schematic represents a capacitor?
Zigzag line
Coiled loop
Two parallel lines
Triangle
Capacitors are shown as two parallel lines representing its two conductive plates. This distinguishes it from coils (inductors) or resistors. The spacing or curvature can vary by standard but the parallel lines remain consistent.
When is a diode said to be forward biased?
When both terminals are at the same potential
When no current flows
When the cathode is at higher potential than the anode
When the anode is at higher potential than the cathode
A diode is forward biased when its anode voltage exceeds the cathode voltage by around the forward threshold. This orientation allows current flow through the semiconductor junction. Reversing this voltage would block current in ideal diodes.
What is the equivalent resistance of R1 = 2 Ω and R2 = 3 Ω in series, then in parallel with R3 = 5 Ω?
2.5 Ω
10 Ω
3.33 Ω
1.67 Ω
First sum R1 and R2 to get 5 Ω in series. Then the parallel combination with R3 (5 Ω) is 5 Ω || 5 Ω, which yields 2.5 Ω. This two-step process applies series first, then parallel calculations.
A 12 V battery is connected to three 2 Ω resistors in series. What is the current in the circuit?
0.17 A
4 A
2 A
6 A
Three 2 Ω resistors in series give a total of 6 Ω. Ohm's law then gives current I = V / R = 12 V / 6 Ω = 2 A. The battery drives the same current through each series resistor.
Which type of filter allows low-frequency signals to pass while attenuating high-frequency signals?
Low-pass filter
High-pass filter
Band-stop filter
Notch filter
A low-pass filter permits signals below the cutoff frequency while attenuating higher frequencies. It often uses RC or LC components to achieve the desired response. This characteristic helps remove unwanted high-frequency noise.
How does an ideal capacitor behave in a DC steady-state circuit?
It doubles the voltage
It acts as an open circuit
It produces alternating current
It acts as a short circuit
In steady-state DC, a capacitor charges until its voltage equals the source, after which no additional current flows. Consequently, it behaves like an open circuit to constant DC. Only during charging or transients does it allow current passage.
What is a defining characteristic of an ideal voltage source?
It maintains a constant current regardless of voltage
Its voltage increases with higher load
It dissipates power internally to maintain current
It maintains a constant voltage regardless of load current
An ideal voltage source provides a fixed voltage output regardless of the current drawn by the load. It does not change its voltage under varying load conditions. Real sources approximate this behavior but have internal limits.
Using mesh analysis, what is the current I1 in loop 1 of the following circuit: Loop 1 has a 10 V source, series resistances of 2 Ω and a shared 4 Ω with loop 2; loop 2 has a 12 V source and a 3 Ω resistor. (Equations: 6I1 âˆ' 4I2 = 10; âˆ'4I1 + 7I2 = 12.)
Approximately 6.50 A
Approximately 3.33 A
Approximately 4.54 A
Approximately 2.00 A
Mesh analysis involves writing loop equations based on Ohm's and Kirchhoff's voltage laws. Solving the simultaneous equations 6I1 âˆ' 4I2 = 10 and âˆ'4I1 + 7I2 = 12 yields I1 ≈ 4.54 A. This method systematically finds currents in multi-loop circuits.
For an LC band-pass filter consisting of L = 1 mH and C = 1 μF, what is the resonant frequency?
Approximately 5033 Hz
Approximately 10000 Hz
Approximately 159 Hz
Approximately 1000 Hz
The resonant frequency of an LC circuit is given by f = 1/(2π√(LC)). Substituting L = 1e-3 H and C = 1e-6 F gives approximately 5033 Hz. At this frequency the filter passes signals with minimal impedance.
In the frequency domain, what is the complex impedance of a capacitor C?
jωC
1/(jωC)
jωL
R + jωL
In phasor form, a capacitor's impedance decreases as frequency increases, expressed as Z = 1/(jωC). Here, j is the imaginary unit and ω is the angular frequency. This relationship explains capacitive reactance in AC circuits.
In a BJT symbol, an arrow on the emitter pointing outwards indicates which transistor type?
NPN transistor
PNP transistor
JFET transistor
MOSFET transistor
Bipolar junction transistors use an arrow on the emitter to indicate current flow direction for an NPN or PNP device. An arrow pointing out from the emitter denotes an NPN transistor. This convention helps identify transistor polarity in schematics.
In a second-order LC low-pass filter, what is the slope of the attenuation beyond the cutoff frequency?
40 dB/decade
60 dB/decade
20 dB/decade
10 dB/decade
A second-order filter exhibits a roll-off rate of 40 dB per decade beyond its cutoff frequency. Each additional order contributes roughly 20 dB/decade to the attenuation slope. This defines the steepness of signal reduction in filter design.
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Learning Outcomes

  1. Analyse common electronic components and symbols
  2. Identify essential circuit laws and applications
  3. Apply Ohm's and Kirchhoff's laws to solve circuits
  4. Demonstrate series and parallel circuit behavior
  5. Interpret schematic diagrams for troubleshooting
  6. Evaluate basic filter and signal processing circuits

Cheat Sheet

  1. Master Ohm's Law - Ohm's Law is the superhero of electronics, showing how voltage, current, and resistance team up in the formula V = IR. Practice with simple circuits to see how tweaking one value instantly affects the others. Electronics for Absolute Beginners Guide
  2. Grasp Kirchhoff's Laws - Think of Kirchhoff's Laws as the traffic rules for electrons: KCL ensures currents don't disappear at junctions, while KVL guarantees voltage adds up neatly around loops. Mastering these laws lets you solve even the trickiest circuit puzzles. Understandable Electric Circuits
  3. Identify Common Electronic Components - Meet your circuit cast: resistors slow down electrons, capacitors stash charge, inductors loop up magnetic fields, and diodes & transistors play gatekeeper roles. Familiarity with each part is like having a cheat sheet for building everything from flashlights to robots. Electronics for Beginners: Basic Terminology
  4. Understand Series and Parallel Circuits - In series, components line up single-file so current stays constant and voltages stack like pancakes; in parallel, each branch enjoys full voltage while currents split. Spotting these layouts is key to predicting circuit behavior in your projects. Series vs. Parallel Deep Dive
  5. Interpret Schematic Diagrams - Schematics are the treasure maps of electronics, using symbols to show where components live and how they connect. Learning to "read" these drawings turns you into a circuit detective, able to build and troubleshoot with confidence. Electronics for Absolute Beginners Guide
  6. Analyze Basic Filter Circuits - Filters like low-pass and high-pass act as bouncers for signal frequencies, letting some pass while blocking others. They're the secret sauce in audio systems and radio gear, shaping the signals you care about. Electronics Fundamentals: Circuits, Devices & Applications
  7. Explore Signal Processing Basics - Dive into amplification (turning whispers into shouts), modulation (hiding data in waves), and demodulation (unmasking the message). These techniques power everything from your smartphone to Wi-Fi hotspots. Electronics Fundamentals: Circuits, Devices & Applications
  8. Learn About Power in Circuits - Calculate power with P = VI to understand how much energy your circuit uses or delivers. Grasping power helps you design efficient gadgets that stay cool under pressure. Electronics for Absolute Beginners Guide
  9. Understand the Role of Capacitors and Inductors - Capacitors are like tiny buckets storing electric charge, while inductors are coils hoarding magnetic energy. Together, they're the dynamic duo that smooths signals and stores bursts of power. Electronics for Beginners: Basic Terminology
  10. Practice Circuit Analysis Techniques - Techniques like mesh and nodal analysis are your step-by-step guides for unraveling complex circuits systematically. With these tools, even the most daunting circuit diagrams become approachable challenges. Understandable Electric Circuits
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