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Quizzes > Quizzes for Business > Education

Test Your Knowledge: Cognitive Psychology Practice Quiz

Enhance Critical Thinking with Interactive Psychology Quiz

Difficulty: Moderate
Questions: 20
Learning OutcomesStudy Material
Colorful paper art depicting elements related to Cognitive Psychology Practice Quiz.

This cognitive psychology practice quiz is perfect for students preparing for exams or anyone curious about cognitive processes like memory and attention. Joanna Weib invites you to test your skills with this interactive, multiple-choice quiz covering key concepts in perception, learning, and memory. Upon completion, learners will gain confidence in applying cognitive theories and identifying biases in everyday thinking. Feel free to customize the questions in our editor to match your study goals. Explore similar challenges in the Cognitive Skills Assessment Quiz or the Psychology Knowledge Assessment Quiz , or browse all quizzes for more.

Which memory model proposes separate sensory, short-term, and long-term stores?
Working memory model
Atkinson - Shiffrin multi-store model
Levels-of-processing model
Connectionist network model
The Atkinson - Shiffrin model describes memory as distinct sensory, short-term, and long-term stores. It emphasizes the flow of information through these stages. Other models focus on depth of processing or component functions rather than separate stores.
What term describes focusing on a specific stimulus while ignoring others?
Divided attention
Sustained attention
Selective attention
Inattentional blindness
Selective attention involves concentrating on one input while tuning out others. Divided attention refers to handling multiple inputs simultaneously. Inattentional blindness is failing to notice an unexpected stimulus.
What is the tendency to search for, interpret, or recall information that confirms our preexisting beliefs?
Confirmation bias
Availability bias
Hindsight bias
Anchoring bias
Confirmation bias leads individuals to favor information that supports their beliefs. Hindsight bias is the tendency to see events as having been predictable after they occur. Anchoring and availability biases involve reliance on initial information or easily recalled examples.
Which of the following best defines a heuristic in problem solving?
A guaranteed solution method
A random trial-and-error strategy
A step-by-step algorithm
A mental shortcut or rule of thumb
Heuristics are cognitive shortcuts that simplify decision making but don't guarantee correct solutions. Algorithms are step-by-step procedures that do guarantee a solution. Trial-and-error is more random than heuristic.
What type of sensory memory holds visual information for a very brief time?
Echoic memory
Haptic memory
Short-term memory
Iconic memory
Iconic memory is the brief sensory store for visual information, lasting only a fraction of a second. Echoic memory holds auditory information for a few seconds. Haptic memory relates to touch, and short-term memory holds information longer.
Which component of Baddeley and Hitch's working memory model is responsible for directing attention and coordinating information?
Phonological loop
Visuospatial sketchpad
Central executive
Episodic buffer
The central executive allocates attention and integrates information from the phonological loop and visuospatial sketchpad. The phonological loop handles verbal information, and the sketchpad manages visual - spatial data.
Failing to notice a visible change in a scene, such as a new object appearing, exemplifies which phenomenon?
Motion blindness
Inattentional blindness
Change blindness
Attentional blink
Change blindness occurs when significant changes in a visual scene go unnoticed. Inattentional blindness is missing an unexpected stimulus when attention is engaged elsewhere. The attentional blink refers to missing a second target in rapid serial visual presentation.
Elizabeth Loftus's research on memory reconstruction demonstrates which effect when misleading post-event information alters a witness's memory?
Primacy effect
Misinformation effect
Recency effect
Encoding specificity
The misinformation effect shows that memory can be distorted by incorrect information presented after an event. Primacy and recency effects concern recall order effects. Encoding specificity relates to context matching retrieval.
After learning the outcome of an event, perceiving it as having been predictable is known as?
Hindsight bias
Self-serving bias
Gambler's fallacy
Confirmation bias
Hindsight bias is the 'I-knew-it-all-along' effect after an event. Confirmation bias is seeking confirming evidence, self-serving bias attributes successes internally, and gambler's fallacy is misunderstanding random events.
In dual-process theories of thinking, System 2 is characterized by?
Sensory processing
Fast, automatic processing
Slow, analytical processing
Emotional decision making
System 2 is deliberate, effortful, and analytical. System 1 operates quickly and automatically. Emotional decision making can involve both systems, and sensory processing is a perceptual function.
In problem solving, being unable to see an object used in a novel way due to its typical function illustrates?
Confirmation bias
Mental set
Algorithmic bias
Functional fixedness
Functional fixedness limits seeing alternative uses for an object. Mental set is sticking to past strategies. Confirmation bias and algorithmic bias are unrelated to object use.
According to the levels-of-processing framework, which type of processing typically leads to the strongest memory retention?
Phonemic processing
Structural processing
Sensory processing
Semantic processing
Semantic processing involves deep, meaningful analysis and yields better recall. Structural processing focuses on appearance, phonemic on sound, and sensory processing on basic senses.
The Brown - Peterson task is primarily used to investigate what aspect of memory?
Capacity of long-term memory
Retrieval failure
Duration of short-term memory
Encoding processes
The Brown - Peterson task measures how quickly information decays from short-term memory without rehearsal. It is not designed to test long-term storage, encoding depth, or retrieval issues.
Performance impairment when multitasking is best explained by which concept?
Divided attention
Spotlight theory
Change blindness
Stroop effect
Divided attention occurs when cognitive resources are split across tasks, reducing performance. Spotlight theory describes attentional focus, Stroop effect concerns conflicting stimuli, and change blindness involves unnoticed changes.
The principle that memory retrieval is more effective when the context at encoding matches the context at retrieval is called?
Context exclusion principle
State-dependent learning
Encoding specificity principle
Misinformation effect
Encoding specificity states that memory cues present at encoding aid retrieval when repeated. The misinformation effect distorts memory, and context exclusion is not a standard memory principle.
Which categorization theory suggests that category membership is determined by comparing new items to an abstracted 'average' of category members?
Prototype theory
Schema theory
Exemplar theory
Feature comparison model
Prototype theory posits that categories are represented by an idealized average of features. Exemplar theory uses memory of individual instances. Feature comparison and schema theories differ in structure.
When someone recalls imagining an event as something that actually happened, confusing the origin of a memory, this is known as?
Source monitoring error
Gambler's fallacy
Pareidolia
False consensus effect
A source monitoring error occurs when the origin of a memory is misattributed, such as imagining events as real. The other options involve social biases or perceptual illusions.
Which brain structure is critically involved in forming new declarative memories?
Cerebellum
Hippocampus
Thalamus
Amygdala
The hippocampus is essential for encoding new declarative (explicit) memories. The amygdala processes emotion, the cerebellum handles motor learning, and the thalamus relays sensory information.
Paivio's dual coding theory proposes that memory is enhanced by?
Focusing only on verbal elaboration
Encoding specificity
Using both verbal and nonverbal (imagery) codes
Reducing interference between codes
Dual coding theory asserts that information stored both visually and verbally creates two memory traces, improving recall. It does not advocate single-mode elaboration or interference reduction.
Breaking a complex problem into smaller, more manageable subgoals to reduce the difference between the current and goal state is known as?
Hill-climbing strategy
Brainstorming
Means-end analysis
Working backward
Means-end analysis involves setting subgoals to bridge the gap between the current state and goal state. Working backward starts from the goal, hill-climbing moves toward the goal directly, and brainstorming generates ideas.
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Learning Outcomes

  1. Analyse key theories and concepts in cognitive psychology
  2. Evaluate empirical studies on memory, perception, and attention
  3. Identify common cognitive biases and their effects
  4. Apply problem-solving strategies to real-world scenarios
  5. Demonstrate understanding of cognitive processes and functions

Cheat Sheet

  1. Understand the core concepts of cognitive psychology - Dive into how perception, memory, attention, language, and problem-solving form the mental toolbox we use every day. Grasping these basics will give you the key to unlocking complex behaviors and thoughts. Cognitive Psychology Overview
    2. Cognitive Psychology Overview
  2. Familiarize yourself with key cognitive development theories - Explore Piaget's stages and the information-processing model to see how our thinking grows and adapts over time. These frameworks are like blueprints for mental evolution. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
    3. Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
  3. Explore Ebbinghaus's forgetting curve - Learn how retention drops off and why spaced repetition is your study superpower. This classic experiment shows that timing is everything when it comes to memory. Ebbinghaus' Forgetting Curve
    4. Ebbinghaus' Forgetting Curve
  4. Examine Gestalt principles of perception - Discover how your brain groups shapes and patterns to make sense of cluttered visuals. These rules explain why we see whole images rather than isolated pieces. Gestalt Principles of Perception
    5. Gestalt Principles of Perception
  5. Study attention mechanisms - Differentiate between selective attention, where you zero in on one thing, and divided attention, where you juggle multiple tasks. Understanding this helps you optimize focus and productivity. Models of Attention
    6. Models of Attention
  6. Identify confirmation bias - Notice how your brain favors info that aligns with your beliefs, often overlooking contradictions. Spotting this bias is the first step toward fairer, smarter thinking. Confirmation Bias
    7. Confirmation Bias
  7. Learn about the availability heuristic - See why recent or vivid examples come to mind first, skewing your judgment of how likely things are. This mental shortcut can speed decisions but also lead you astray. Cognitive Bias List: 13 Common Types of Bias
    8. Cognitive Bias List: 13 Common Types of Bias
  8. Understand the impact of cognitive biases on decision-making - Discover how mental shortcuts can trigger errors in reasoning and lead to flawed conclusions. Building awareness helps you catch them before they derail your choices. Cognitive Bias List: 13 Common Types of Bias
    9. Cognitive Bias List: 13 Common Types of Bias
  9. Apply effective problem-solving strategies - Use means-end analysis and backward reasoning to tackle challenges step by step. Practicing these techniques turns tough problems into manageable puzzles. Problem Solving Strategies
    10. Problem Solving Strategies
  10. Analyze interactions among cognitive processes - Observe how memory, attention, and language work together to shape behavior and choices. This holistic view will boost your ability to predict and explain mental functions. Cognitive Psychology Overview
    11. Cognitive Psychology Overview
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