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Quizzes > Health & Medicine > Human Anatomy & Medicine

Test Your Knowledge with Our Endocrine System Quiz!

Dive into this endocrine hormone quiz and MCQ questions - challenge yourself now!

Difficulty: Moderate
2-5mins
Learning OutcomesCheat Sheet
Paper art quiz Test your knowledge endocrine system stylized glands and hormones on sky blue background

Ready to boost your hormone savvy? Dive into our quiz over endocrine system and embark on a fun, free endocrine hormone quiz that challenges your knowledge of hormone functions, glands, and MCQ questions. Looking for an endocrine system self test? You'll sharpen your grasp of cortisol, insulin, thyroid signals - and get instant feedback with every answer. Perfect for students, health pros, or any curious mind, this quiz for endocrine system tracks your progress, highlights growth areas, and motivates you to ace your hormone IQ. Ready to start? Go ahead and test yourself now! Your results await - let's unleash your inner hormone expert today!

Which gland produces insulin?
Pancreas
Thyroid
Adrenal
Pituitary
Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets, which regulate blood glucose levels. The thyroid gland produces hormones like thyroxine, while the adrenal glands secrete cortisol and adrenaline, and the pituitary regulates other endocrine glands. Proper insulin production by the pancreas is essential for glucose uptake in tissues. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin
Which hormone regulates the sleep-wake cycle?
Melatonin
Cortisol
Thyroxine
Prolactin
Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland in response to darkness and helps regulate circadian rhythms and the sleep-wake cycle. Cortisol follows a diurnal rhythm but primarily mediates stress responses. Thyroxine and prolactin have roles in metabolism and lactation, respectively. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melatonin
Which part of the adrenal gland produces cortisol?
Zona glomerulosa
Zona fasciculata
Zona reticularis
Adrenal medulla
The zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex synthesizes glucocorticoids, predominantly cortisol, which regulate metabolism, immune response, and stress. The zona glomerulosa secretes mineralocorticoids like aldosterone, and the zona reticularis produces androgens. The adrenal medulla generates catecholamines. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenal_gland#Cortex
What is the function of glucagon?
Increase blood glucose
Decrease blood glucose
Stimulate protein synthesis
Inhibit fat breakdown
Glucagon is secreted by alpha cells of the pancreatic islets and raises blood glucose levels by promoting glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver. It acts as a counter-regulatory hormone to insulin. Its primary role is to ensure adequate blood sugar during fasting. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon
Which hormone is secreted by the anterior pituitary to stimulate ovulation?
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Prolactin
Luteinizing hormone (LH) is released from the anterior pituitary and triggers the release of an egg from the ovarian follicle in females. FSH stimulates follicle growth, TSH regulates the thyroid, and prolactin promotes milk production. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luteinizing_hormone
Which hormone targets the nephron in kidneys to reabsorb water?
Aldosterone
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)
Parathyroid hormone
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, acts on the collecting ducts of the nephron to increase water reabsorption and concentrate urine. Aldosterone affects sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion, ANP reduces water reabsorption, and PTH regulates Ca2+. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antidiuretic_hormone
Which hormone increases blood calcium levels?
Calcitonin
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Insulin
Growth hormone
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is secreted by the parathyroid glands in response to low blood calcium and raises calcium levels by stimulating bone resorption, increasing renal reabsorption of calcium, and activating vitamin D. Calcitonin lowers calcium, insulin regulates glucose, and growth hormone affects growth. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parathyroid_hormone
What is the primary function of parathyroid hormone?
Lower blood calcium
Increase blood calcium
Stimulate thyroid hormone release
Promote glucose uptake
The main role of parathyroid hormone is to increase blood calcium levels when they fall below a set point. It achieves this by promoting bone resorption, increasing renal calcium reabsorption, and stimulating the formation of active vitamin D. It does not directly affect thyroid hormones or glucose uptake. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parathyroid_hormone
Which enzyme converts thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3)?
Thyroid peroxidase
5'-Deiodinase
TSH receptor
Thyroglobulin
5'-Deiodinase is the enzyme responsible for removing an iodine atom from T4 to form the more active T3 hormone in peripheral tissues. Thyroid peroxidase is involved in hormone synthesis within the gland, while TSH receptor and thyroglobulin have different roles. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deiodinase
Which hormone is produced by G cells in the stomach to stimulate acid secretion?
Gastrin
Secretin
Cholecystokinin
Ghrelin
G cells in the gastric antrum secrete gastrin, which binds to receptors on parietal cells to stimulate hydrochloric acid production. Secretin and CCK are released by the small intestine, and ghrelin regulates appetite. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastrin
What is the effect of aldosterone on sodium and potassium handling in the kidney?
Increase sodium excretion and increase potassium reabsorption
Increase sodium reabsorption and increase potassium excretion
Decrease sodium reabsorption and decrease potassium excretion
Increase sodium excretion and decrease potassium excretion
Aldosterone acts on the distal nephron to enhance sodium reabsorption and promote potassium excretion. This regulation helps maintain blood pressure and electrolyte balance. Other combinations of sodium and potassium handling are not consistent with aldosterone's mechanism. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldosterone
Which hormone acts as a major antagonist to insulin by raising blood glucose levels?
Glucagon
Somatostatin
Cortisol
Growth hormone
Glucagon is the primary counter-regulatory hormone to insulin, increasing blood glucose via glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis. Somatostatin inhibits both insulin and glucagon, while cortisol and growth hormone have secondary hyperglycemic effects but are not the principal antagonists. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon
Which transcription factor is critical for pancreatic beta-cell development?
PDX1
NFAT
CREB
c-Fos
PDX1 (pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1) is essential for early pancreatic development and the maturation and function of insulin-producing beta cells. Mutations in PDX1 can lead to diabetes. Other transcription factors listed have roles in different cellular processes. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDX1
What is the second messenger for parathyroid hormone in its target cells?
Cyclic AMP (cAMP)
Inositol triphosphate (IP3)
Diacylglycerol (DAG)
Calcium
Parathyroid hormone binds to a G protein–coupled receptor that activates adenylate cyclase, increasing levels of cyclic AMP as the intracellular second messenger. IP3 and DAG are mediators for other hormone receptors, and calcium serves as an ion signal rather than a GPCR second messenger. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parathyroid_hormone_receptor
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Study Outcomes

  1. Identify Major Endocrine Glands -

    Recognize and locate the primary glands tested in our quiz over endocrine system and recall their hormone outputs.

  2. Explain Hormone Functions -

    Describe how key hormones regulate body processes and respond to scenarios presented in the endocrine hormone quiz.

  3. Analyze Regulatory Feedback Loops -

    Interpret negative and positive feedback mechanisms featured in endocrine system MCQ questions to understand hormone balance.

  4. Distinguish Hormone Types -

    Differentiate between peptide, steroid, and amine hormones by matching them with their target cells and effects during the self test.

  5. Apply Knowledge to Clinical Cases -

    Use hormone action principles to solve real”world problems and case”based questions in the quiz.

  6. Evaluate Quiz Performance -

    Assess your strengths and identify areas for review through detailed feedback provided after completing the endocrine system self test.

Cheat Sheet

  1. Major Endocrine Glands and Their Hormones -

    Familiarize yourself with key glands: hypothalamus, pituitary (anterior and posterior), thyroid, parathyroids, adrenal cortex and medulla, pancreas, and gonads. Use a diagram from an endocrine system self test to map hormone sources and targets. Remember the mnemonic "FLAT PEG" for anterior pituitary hormones (FSH, LH, ACTH, TSH, Prolactin, Endorphins, GH).

  2. Hormone Classification by Chemical Structure -

    Classify hormones into peptides (insulin, ADH), steroids (cortisol, sex hormones), and amines (thyroxine, catecholamines). Peptide hormones bind surface receptors and activate second messengers like cAMP, whereas steroids cross membranes to interact with nuclear receptors. This distinction is crucial for many endocrine system MCQ questions.

  3. Negative Feedback Loops -

    Grasp how feedback maintains homeostasis: rising cortisol inhibits CRH and ACTH release from the hypothalamus and pituitary. Draw simple feedback diagrams to visualize loops for thyroid and gonadal axes. Practicing with an endocrine hormone quiz can help solidify each loop's components.

  4. Signal Transduction Pathways -

    Distinguish between second-messenger systems: G protein - coupled receptors (cAMP, IP₃/DAG) versus tyrosine kinase receptors (insulin). Remember "CAMP Up, DAG Drops In" to link Gs and Gq pathways. Review pathway maps in endocrine system self test resources to master MCQ scenario questions.

  5. Clinical Correlations and Disorders -

    Connect physiology to pathology: diabetes mellitus type 1 (insulin deficiency), Graves' disease (hyperthyroidism), Addison's disease (adrenal insufficiency). Use case-based MCQs to apply concepts like feedback failure or receptor resistance. Incorporating real-world cases boosts retention for your quiz over endocrine system.

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