Eight questions on the examination of the nails

Examination of the nails
Created 2020.
This exercise will ask you a set of eight questions on the examination of the nails. Each question contains only one correct answer.
 
If you want to read up on it, you can do so by clicking on the links below.
 
 
Learning Objectives
 
Develop skills in examining the nails and describing:
  • Abnormalities of nail plate surface.
  • Nail plate discolouration.
  • Abnormalities of the cuticle and nail fold.
  • Abnormalities of nail shape.
  • Complete loss of nails.
  • Lesions around nails.
Created by: Dr Muhammad Wasay Ali Khan, DermNet NZ Volunteer
Editor: Adjunct A/Prof Amanda Oakley, Dermatologist, Hamilton, New Zealand
Examination of the nails
Created 2020.
This exercise will ask you a set of eight questions on the examination of the nails. Each question contains only one correct answer.
 
If you want to read up on it, you can do so by clicking on the links below.
 
 
Learning Objectives
 
Develop skills in examining the nails and describing:
  • Abnormalities of nail plate surface.
  • Nail plate discolouration.
  • Abnormalities of the cuticle and nail fold.
  • Abnormalities of nail shape.
  • Complete loss of nails.
  • Lesions around nails.
Created by: Dr Muhammad Wasay Ali Khan, DermNet NZ Volunteer
Editor: Adjunct A/Prof Amanda Oakley, Dermatologist, Hamilton, New Zealand
1. Nails:
a. Are a specialised form of stratum corneum and are made predominantly of keratin
b. Contain pemphigoid antigens
c. Are derived from mesenchyme
d. Are synthesized by fibroblasts
2. Eczema is associated with:
a. Haphazard nail pitting, onycholysis and subungual hyperkeratosis
b. Irregular pitting and ridging and paronychia
c. Nail plate thinning which may become grooved and ridged
d. Irregular pigmented longitudinal streaks in the nail plate
3. Myxoid cyst is associated with:
a. Transverse ridging
b. Central longitudinal groove or a median canaliform dystrophy on the nail
c. Diffuse nail plate thinning
d. A transverse depression affecting all nails
4. Select the nail plate abnormality shown in the image above:
a. Transverse nail ridge
b. Longitudinal nail groove
c. Crumbling nail
d. Distal nail-plate notching
5. Green nails are associated with:
a. Pseudomonas or Candida infection
b. Psoriasis
c. Vitiligo
d. Staining and chemotherapy
6. Terry nail:
a. Is seen in renal failure
b. Is due to arsenic poisoning
c. Is due to gene mutation
d. Is seen in liver cirrhosis
7. Select the abnormality that causes white or yellowish nail discolouration:
a. Viral warts
b. Corn
c. Onycholysis
d. Inclusion cysts
8. Koilonychia:
a. Is sometimes present in patients with iron deficiency anaemia
b. Is characteristic of lichen planus
c. Is due to hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
d. Is characteristic of lupus erythematosus
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